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Methylation Abnormality in Body Fluid Cytology: A Supplemental Molecular Marker for the Diagnosis of Malignant Mesothelioma.
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Original Article Methylation Abnormality in Body Fluid Cytology: A Supplemental Molecular Marker for the Diagnosis of Malignant Mesothelioma.
Joon Seon Song, Jin Kyung Jung, Ji Hye Kang, Ilseon Hwang, Se Jin Jang
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine 2008;19(2):126-135
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3338/kjc.2008.19.2.126
Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. jangsejin@amc.seoul.kr
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Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a highly lethal neoplasm arising in pleura and the peritoneum and a rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial for treatment of the disease. However, the sensitivity of cytological analysis using pleural or ascitic fluid is relatively low, yielding an accurate diagnosis in only 32~79% of cases. We tested the diagnostic value of epigenetic alterations in body fluid cytology as a supplement to conventional methods. Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 21 MM patients and associated body fluid cytology slides considered no evidence of malignancy were used to test for epigenetic alteration. Using methylation-specific PCR, we detected methylation of RASSF1A and p16 in 47.6% (10/21) of both surgically resected tumor samples, respectively. Body fluid samples of MM also showed abnormal methylation of RASSF1A and p16INK4a genes in 38.1% (8/21) and 33.3% (7/21) of cases. The concordance in the rates of RASSF1A and p16INK4a gene-methylation abnormalities determined from cytology samples and tissue samples were 61.9% (13/21) and 66.7% (14/21), respectively. Combining both genes increases the sensitivity of the test to 57.1% (12 of 21) of cases. Our results suggest that testing for methylation abnormalities in selected individual genes or gene combinations has diagnostic value as an alternative or adjunct method to conventional cytological diagnosis.

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