Perilla oil is one of the neutral vegetable oils, which has a fat content of 40-49%. Among Koreans this oil is known as "Deul-Ki-Reum", and has long risen used for seasoning in most homes. This oil is sometimes used in large doses for the good of general health among people. The purpose of this communication is to report a case. of marked lipoid pneumonia that necessitated a lobectomy, and was presumed to be caused to be caused by perilla oil. An animal experiment using rabbits were carried out and was found to cause similar lesions.