Fig. 1Immunostaining of CHD1L showing (A) nuclear expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and (B) no nuclear expression in dysplastic nodule (horseradish peroxidase stain).
Fig. 2Kaplan-Meier analysis of (A) disease-free survival and (B) disease-specific survival for CHD1L expression in 281 hepatocellular carcinomas.
Table 1.Correlation of CHD1L expression with clinicopathologic features in 281 hepatocellular carcinomas
Variables |
n |
CHD1L expression |
p-value |
Variables |
n |
CHD1L expression |
p-value |
Age (yr) |
|
|
0.033 |
AJCC T stage |
|
|
0.001 |
≤ 55 |
160 |
34 (21.3) |
|
1 |
118 |
10 (8.5) |
|
>55 |
121 |
14 (11.6) |
|
2 |
114 |
26 (22.8) |
|
Gender |
|
|
0.159 |
3 |
43 |
8 (18.6) |
|
Male |
232 |
43 (18.5) |
|
4 |
6 |
4 (66.7) |
|
Female |
49 |
5 (10.2) |
|
BCLC stage |
|
|
0.487 |
Tumor size (cm) |
|
|
0.601 |
0-A |
158 |
27 (17.1) |
|
≤ 5.0 |
184 |
33 (17.9) |
|
B |
109 |
16 (14.7) |
|
>5.0 |
97 |
15 (15.5) |
|
C |
14 |
5 (35.7) |
|
Edmondson grade |
|
|
0.019 |
Albumin level (g/dL) |
|
|
0.047 |
I |
26 |
1 (3.8) |
|
>3.5 |
251 |
39 (15.5) |
|
II |
194 |
32 (16.5) |
|
≤ 3.5 |
30 |
9 (30) |
|
III |
61 |
15 (24.6) |
|
AFP level (ng/mL) |
|
|
0.002 |
Microvascular invasion |
|
|
<0.001 |
≤ 200 |
168 |
19 (11.3) |
|
(-) |
126 |
10 (7.9) |
|
>200 |
102 |
26 (25.5) |
|
(+) |
155 |
38 (24.5) |
|
Etiology |
|
|
0.553 |
Major portal vein invasion |
|
|
0.037 |
Non-viral |
40 |
5 (15.5) |
|
(-) |
269 |
43 (16) |
|
HBV |
211 |
39 (18.5) |
|
(+) |
12 |
5 (41.7) |
|
HCV |
30 |
4 (13.3) |
|
Intrahepatic metastasis |
|
|
0.090 |
Liver cirrhosis |
|
|
0.119 |
(-) |
214 |
32 (15) |
|
(-) |
140 |
19 (13.6) |
|
(+) |
67 |
16 (23.9) |
|
(+) |
141 |
29 (20.6) |
|
Multicentric occurrence |
1 |
|
1.000 |
|
|
|
|
(-) |
262 |
45 (17.2) |
|
|
|
|
|
(+) |
19 |
3 (15.8) |
|
|
|
|
|
Table 2.Univariate analyses of disease-free survival and disease-specific survival in 281 hepatocellular carcinomas
Variables |
Disease-free survival
|
Disease-specific survival
|
HR (95% CI) |
p-value |
HR (95% CI) |
p-value |
Tumor size (cm) |
≤ 5.0 |
|
0.001 |
|
<0.001 |
|
>5.0 |
1.690 (1.258-2.271) |
|
2.893 (1.947-4.298) |
|
Edmondson grade |
I+II |
|
<0.001 |
|
0.001 |
|
III |
1.866 (1.343-2.592) |
|
2.106 (1.376-3.224) |
|
Microvascular invasion |
(-) |
|
<0.001 |
|
<0.001 |
|
(+) |
2.181 (1.616-2.943) |
|
3.106 (1.983-4.865) |
|
Major portal vein invasion |
(-) |
|
<0.001 |
|
<0.001 |
|
(+) |
4.010 (2.169-7.414) |
|
7.364 (3.765-14.401) |
|
Intrahepatic metastasis |
(-) |
|
<0.001 |
|
<0.001 |
|
(+) |
4.523 (3.279-6.240) |
|
5.647 (3.770-8.459) |
|
Multicentric occurrence |
(-) |
|
0.365 |
|
0.285 |
|
(+) |
1.311 (0.729-2.358) |
|
0.579 (0.213-1.575) |
|
AJCC T stage |
1 |
|
<0.001 |
|
<0.001 |
|
2+3+4 |
2.220 (1.638-3.008) |
|
3.129 (1.974-4.961) |
|
BCLC stage |
0+A |
|
<0.001 |
|
<0.001 |
|
B+C |
2.082 (1.558-2.783) |
|
3.628 (2.392-5.504) |
|
Albumin level (g/dL) |
>3.5 |
|
0.010 |
|
0.002 |
|
≤3.5 |
1.780 (1.148-2.760) |
|
2.346 (1.370-4.019) |
|
AFP level (ng/mL) |
≤200 |
|
0.003 |
|
0.038 |
|
>200 |
1.576 (1.172-2.120) |
|
1.536 (1.025-2.300) |
|
Etiology |
Non-viral |
|
0.023 |
|
0.121 |
|
Viral |
1.400 (1.047-1.871) |
|
1.677 (0.872-3.226) |
|
Liver cirrhosis |
(-) |
|
0.003 |
|
0.594 |
|
(+) |
2.128 (1.291 -3.508) |
|
1.113 (0.751-1.651) |
|
CHD1L |
(-) |
|
0.016 |
|
0.204 |
|
(+) |
1.573 (1.087-2.274) |
|
0.375 (0.841-2.246) |
|
Table 3.Multivariate analyses of disease-free survival and disease-specific survival in 281 hepatocellular carcinomas
Variables |
Disease-free survival
|
Disease-specific survival
|
HR (95% Cl) |
p-value |
HR (95% Cl) |
p-value |
Edmondson grade |
I+II |
|
0.034 |
|
0.062 |
|
III |
1.455 (1.029-2.057) |
|
1.527 (0.980-2.380) |
|
BCLC stage |
0+A |
|
<0.001 |
|
<0.001 |
|
B+C |
1.974 (1.461 -2.665) |
|
3.465 (2.259-5.315) |
|
CHD1L |
(-) |
|
0.027 |
|
0.155 |
|
(+) |
1.534 (1.051-2.240) |
|
1.442 (0.870-2.390) |
|