Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Article

Frequent apocrine changes in pleomorphic adenoma with malignant transformation: a possible pre-malignant step in ductal carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: Joon Seon Song, Yeseul Kim, Yoon-Se Lee, Seung-Ho Choi, Soon Yuhl Nam, Sang Yoon Kim, Kyung-Ja Cho; J Pathol Transl Med. 2023;57(3):158-165. Published online May 10, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.03.13

3,931 View
164 Download
1 Web of Science
1 Crossref

Background
The most common type of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CPA) is histologically equivalent to salivary duct carcinoma, which has an apocrine phenotype. Invasive CPA is often accompanied by non-invasive or in situ carcinoma, an observation that suggests the presence of precursor lesions. The aim of this study was to identify candidate precursor lesions of CPA within pleomorphic adenoma (PA).
Methods
Eleven resected cases of CPA with residual PA and 17 cases of PA with atypical changes were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p53, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), androgen receptor (AR), pleomorphic adenoma gene 1, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15), and anti-mitochondrial antibody.
Results
Invasive or in situ carcinoma cells in all CPAs were positive for AR, GCDFP-15, and HER2. Atypical foci in PAs corresponded to either apocrine or oncocytic changes on the basis of their reactivity to AR, GCDFP-15, and anti-mitochondrial antibody. Atypical cells in PAs surrounding CPAs had an apocrine phenotype without HER2 expression.
Conclusions
Our study identified frequent apocrine changes in residual PAs in CPA cases, suggesting a possible precursor role of apocrine changes. We recommend the use of HER2 IHC in atypical PAs, and that clinicians take HER2 positivity into serious consideration.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Characterization of a Molecularly Distinct Subset of Oncocytic Pleomorphic Adenomas/Myoepitheliomas Harboring Recurrent ZBTB47-AS1::PLAG1 Gene Fusion
Ziyad Alsugair, Jimmy Perrot, Françoise Descotes, Jonathan Lopez, Anne Champagnac, Daniel Pissaloux, Claire Castain, Mihaela Onea, Philippe Céruse, Pierre Philouze, Charles Lépine, Marie-Delphine Lanic, Marick Laé, Valérie Costes-Martineau, Nazim Benzerdj
American Journal of Surgical Pathology.2024; 48(5): 551. CrossRef

Case Study

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Extrahepatic Common Hepatic Duct: Myunghee Kang, Na Rae Kim, Dong Hae Chung, Hyun Yee Cho, Yeon Ho Park; J Pathol Transl Med. 2019;53(2):112-118. Published online October 1, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.09.03

7,737 View
172 Download
8 Web of Science
9 Crossref

Abstract PDF

We report a rare case of hilar squamous cell carcinoma. A 62-year-old Korean woman complaining of nausea was referred to our hospital. Her biliary computed tomography revealed a 28 mm-sized protruding solid mass in the proximal common bile duct. The patient underwent left hemihepatectomy with S1 segmentectomy and segmental excision of the common bile duct. Microscopically, the tumor was a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct, without any component of adenocarcinoma or metaplastic portion in the biliary epithelium. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, CK19, p40, and p63. Squamous cell carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct is rare. To date, only 24 cases of biliary squamous cell carcinomas have been reported. Here, we provide a clinicopathologic review of previously reported extrahepatic bile duct squamous cell carcinomas.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Cholangiocarcinoma With Liver Metastasis in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Type: A Case Report
Jane Chiang
Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography.2024; 40(6): 609. CrossRef
A Rare Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bile Duct
Julianna Tantum, Rachael Schneider, Stefanie Gallagher, Kyley Leroy, Jared Lander, Patricia Wong
ACG Case Reports Journal.2023; 10(8): e01119. CrossRef
Metastatic Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting as an Indeterminate Biliary Stricture Diagnosed By Cholangioscopy
Ritu Nahar, Ian Holmes, Jeffrey Baliff, Austin Chiang, Thomas Kowalski
ACG Case Reports Journal.2022; 9(6): e00785. CrossRef
Temporal Changes in Cholangiocarcinoma Incidence and Mortality in the United States from 2001 to 2017
Milind Javle, Sunyoung Lee, Nilofer S Azad, Mitesh J Borad, Robin Kate Kelley, Smitha Sivaraman, Anna Teschemaker, Ishveen Chopra, Nora Janjan, Shreekant Parasuraman, Tanios S Bekaii-Saab
The Oncologist.2022; 27(10): 874. CrossRef
PRIMARY SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE COMMON BILE DUCT WITH LIVER METASTASES
Dhouha BACHA, Mohamed HAJRI, Wael FERJAOUI, Ghofrane TALBI, Lasaad GHARBI, Mohamed Taher KHALFALLAH, Sana ben SLAMA, Ahlem LAHMAR
ABCD. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo).2021;[Epub] CrossRef
S1510 A Rare Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bile Duct
Stefanie Gallagher, Kyley Leroy, Julianna Tantum, Babak Etemad
American Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 116(1): S688. CrossRef
Heparin

Reactions Weekly.2019; 1752(1): 184. CrossRef
Carcinoma primario de células escamosas del conducto hepático común: a propósito de un caso
Ana Delgado Maroto, Andrés Barrientos Delgado, Marta Lázaro Sáez, Samia Hallouch Toutouh, Enrique Práxedes González
Gastroenterología y Hepatología.2019; 42(7): 436. CrossRef
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct: A case report
Ana Delgado Maroto, Andrés Barrientos Delgado, Marta Lázaro Sáez, Samia Hallouch Toutouh, Enrique Práxedes González
Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition).2019; 42(7): 436. CrossRef

Original Article

Diverse Immunoprofile of Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate with an Emphasis on the Prognostic Factors: Se Un Jeong, Anuja Kashikar Kekatpure, Ja-Min Park, Minkyu Han, Hee Sang Hwang, Hui Jeong Jeong, Heounjeong Go, Yong Mee Cho; J Pathol Transl Med. 2017;51(5):471-481. Published online August 9, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.06.02

9,520 View
207 Download
14 Web of Science
14 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Background
Ductal adenocarcinoma (DAC) of the prostate is an uncommon histologic subtype whose prognostic factors and immunoprofile have not been fully defined. Methods: To define its prognostic factors and immunoprofile, the clinicopathological features, including biochemical recurrence (BCR), of 61 cases of DAC were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarray constructs to assess the expression of prostate cancer-related and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling-related proteins. Results: During the median follow-up period of 19.3 months, BCR occurred in 26 cases (42.6%). DAC demonstrated a wide expression range of prostate cancer-related proteins, including nine cases (14.8%) that were totally negative for pan-cytokeratin (PanCK) immunostaining. The mTOR signaling-related proteins also showed diverse expression. On univariate analysis, BCR was associated with high preoperative serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), large tumor volume, predominant ductal component, high Gleason score (GS), comedo-necrosis, high tumor stage (pT), lymphovascular invasion, and positive surgical margin. High expressions of phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) as well as low expressions of PSA, phospho-S6 ribosomal protein (pS6) and PanCK were associated with BCR. On multivariable analysis, GS, pT, and immunohistochemical expressions of PanCK and p-mTOR remained independent prognostic factors for BCR. Conclusions: These results suggest GS, pT, and immunohistochemical expressions of PanCK and p-mTOR as independent prognostic factors for BCR in DAC. Since DAC showed diverse expression of prostate cancer–related proteins, this should be recognized in interpreting the immunoprofile of DAC. The diverse expression of mTOR-related proteins implicates their potential utility as predictive markers for mTOR targeted therapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Intermediate risk prostate tumors contain lethal subtypes
William L. Harryman, James P. Hinton, Rafael Sainz, Jaime M. C. Gard, John M. Ryniawec, Gregory C. Rogers, Noel A. Warfel, Beatrice S. Knudsen, Raymond B. Nagle, Juan J. Chipollini, Benjamin R. Lee, Belinda L. Sun, Anne E. Cress
Frontiers in Urology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
High GLUT1 membrane expression and low PSMA membrane expression in Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Intraductal Carcinoma of the prostate
Xingming Wang, Li Zhou, Lin Qi, Ye Zhang, Hongling Yin, Yu Gan, Xiaomei Gao, Yi Cai
Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases.2024; 27(4): 720. CrossRef
Association of Lymphovascular Invasion with Biochemical Recurrence and Adverse Pathological Characteristics of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Jakub Karwacki, Marcel Stodolak, Andrzej Dłubak, Łukasz Nowak, Adam Gurwin, Kamil Kowalczyk, Paweł Kiełb, Nazar Holdun, Wojciech Szlasa, Wojciech Krajewski, Agnieszka Hałoń, Anna Karwacka, Tomasz Szydełko, Bartosz Małkiewicz
European Urology Open Science.2024; 69: 112. CrossRef
Impact of Epithelial Histological Types, Subtypes, and Growth Patterns on Oncological Outcomes for Patients with Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer Treated with Curative Intent: A Systematic Review
Giancarlo Marra, Geert J.L.H. van Leenders, Fabio Zattoni, Claudia Kesch, Pawel Rajwa, Philip Cornford, Theodorus van der Kwast, Roderick C.N. van den Bergh, Erik Briers, Thomas Van den Broeck, Gert De Meerleer, Maria De Santis, Daniel Eberli, Andrea Faro
European Urology.2023; 84(1): 65. CrossRef
Impact of comedonecrosis on prostate cancer outcome: a systematic review
Kaveri T S Aiyer, Lisa J Kroon, Geert J L H van Leenders
Histopathology.2023; 83(3): 339. CrossRef
Survival after radical prostatectomy vs. radiation therapy in ductal carcinoma of the prostate
Francesco Chierigo, Marco Borghesi, Christoph Würnschimmel, Rocco Simone Flammia, Benedikt Horlemann, Gabriele Sorce, Benedikt Höh, Zhe Tian, Fred Saad, Markus Graefen, Michele Gallucci, Alberto Briganti, Francesco Montorsi, Felix K. H. Chun, Shahrokh F.
International Urology and Nephrology.2022; 54(1): 89. CrossRef
Defining Diagnostic Criteria for Prostatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma at Multiparametric MRI
Weranja K. B. Ranasinghe, Patricia Troncoso, Devaki Shilpa Surasi, Juan José Ibarra Rovira, Priya Bhosale, Janio Szklaruk, Andrea Kokorovic, Xuemei Wang, Mohamed Elsheshtawi, Miao Zhang, Ana Aparicio, Brian F. Chapin, Tharakeswara K. Bathala
Radiology.2022; 303(1): 110. CrossRef
Oncological outcomes of patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate receiving radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy
Mengzhu Liu, Kun Jin, Shi Qiu, Pengyong Xu, Mingming Zhang, Wufeng Cai, Xiaonan Zheng, Lu Yang, Qiang Wei
Asian Journal of Urology.2021; 8(2): 227. CrossRef
Ductal Prostate Cancers Demonstrate Poor Outcomes with Conventional Therapies
Weranja Ranasinghe, Daniel D. Shapiro, Hyunsoo Hwang, Xuemei Wang, Chad A. Reichard, Mohamed Elsheshtawi, Mary F. Achim, Tharakeswara Bathala, Chad Tang, Ana Aparicio, Shi-Ming Tu, Nora Navone, Timothy C. Thompson, Louis Pisters, Patricia Troncoso, John W
European Urology.2021; 79(2): 298. CrossRef
Optimizing the diagnosis and management of ductal prostate cancer
Weranja Ranasinghe, Daniel D. Shapiro, Miao Zhang, Tharakeswara Bathala, Nora Navone, Timothy C. Thompson, Bradley Broom, Ana Aparicio, Shi-Ming Tu, Chad Tang, John W. Davis, Louis Pisters, Brian F. Chapin
Nature Reviews Urology.2021; 18(6): 337. CrossRef
A first case of ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate having characteristics of neuroendocrine phenotype with PTEN, RB1 and TP53 alterations
Hiroaki Kobayashi, Takeo Kosaka, Kohei Nakamura, Kazunori Shojo, Hiroshi Hongo, Shuji Mikami, Hiroshi Nishihara, Mototsugu Oya
BMC Medical Genomics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Knowing what’s growing: Why ductal and intraductal prostate cancer matter
Mitchell G. Lawrence, Laura H. Porter, David Clouston, Declan G. Murphy, Mark Frydenberg, Renea A. Taylor, Gail P. Risbridger
Science Translational Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Integrative Genomic Analysis of Coincident Cancer Foci Implicates CTNNB1 and PTEN Alterations in Ductal Prostate Cancer
Marc Gillard, Justin Lack, Andrea Pontier, Divya Gandla, David Hatcher, Adam G. Sowalsky, Jose Rodriguez-Nieves, Donald Vander Griend, Gladell Paner, David VanderWeele
European Urology Focus.2019; 5(3): 433. CrossRef
Genomic Characterization of Prostatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Identifies a High Prevalence of DNA Repair Gene Mutations
Michael T. Schweizer, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Tarek A. Bismar, Liana B. Guedes, Heather H. Cheng, Maria S. Tretiakova, Funda Vakar-Lopez, Nola Klemfuss, Eric Q. Konnick, Elahe A. Mostaghel, Andrew C. Hsieh, Peter S. Nelson, Evan Y. Yu, R. Bruce Montgomer
JCO Precision Oncology.2019; (3): 1. CrossRef

Case Study

Isolated Mass-Forming IgG4-Related Cholangitis as an Initial Clinical Presentation of Systemic IgG4-Related Disease: Seokhwi Kim, Hyunsik Bae, Misun Choi, Binnari Kim, Jin Seok Heo, Ho Seong Kim, Seung Hee Choi, Kee-Taek Jang; J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(4):300-305. Published online January 11, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.12.01

9,977 View
95 Download
5 Web of Science
3 Crossref

Abstract PDF

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) may involve multiple organs. Although it usually presents as diffuse organ involvement, localized mass-forming lesions have been occasionally encountered in pancreas. However, the same pattern has been seldom reported in biliary tract. A 61-year-old male showed a hilar bile duct mass with multiple enlarged lymph nodes in imaging studies and he underwent trisectionectomy under impression of cholangiocarcinoma. Gross examination revealed a mass-like lesion around hilar bile duct. Histopathologically, dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and storiform fibrosis were identified without evidence of malignancy. Immunohistochemical stain demonstrated rich IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration. Follow-up imaging studies disclosed multiple enlarged lymph nodes with involvement of pancreas and perisplenic soft tissue. The lesions have been significantly reduced after steroid treatment, which suggests multi-organ involvement of systemic IgG4-RD. Here, we report an unusual localized mass-forming IgG4-related cholangitis as an initial presentation of IgG4-RD, which was biliary manifestation of systemic IgG4-related autoimmune disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Pathologic interpretation of endoscopic ultrasound–guided fine needle aspiration cytology/biopsy for pancreatic lesions
Haeryoung Kim, Kee-Taek Jang
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2020; 54(5): 367. CrossRef
Multivisceral IgG4-related disease presenting as recurrent massive gastrointestinal bleeding: a case report and literature review
Xuexue Deng, Ronghua Fang, Jianshu Zhang, Rongqiong Li
BMC Gastroenterology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent advances in understanding and managing IgG4-related disease
Anna R. Wolfson, Daniel L. Hamilos
F1000Research.2017; 6: 185. CrossRef

Review

Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Female Reproductive Tract: A Literature Review: Yi Kyeong Chun; J Pathol Transl Med. 2015;49(6):450-461. Published online October 13, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.09.20

16,394 View
264 Download
24 Web of Science
24 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Neuroendocrine tumors of the female reproductive tract are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that display various histologic findings and biologic behaviors. In this review, the classification and clinicopathologic characteristics of neuroendocrine tumors of the female reproductive tract are described. Differential diagnoses are discussed, especially for non-neuroendocrine tumors showing high-grade nuclei with neuroendocrine differentiation. This review also discusses recent advances in our pathogenetic understanding of these disorders.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A rare case report of primary ovarian carcinoid presenting with constipation
Xiaofeng Deng, Qian Huang, Bangfang Xie, Hailong Huang, Jianguo Chen
Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical, pathological characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes of primary ovarian carcinoid tumors: a case series of 15 cases
Xinyue Dai, Suidan Chen, Simeng Yang
World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnostic and therapeutic challenge of neuroendocrine endometrial carcinoma: a case report
Hariyono Winarto, David Calvin, Fitriyadi Kusuma, Kartiwa Hadi Nuryanto, Yuri Feharsal, Dewita Nilasari, Hartono Tjahjadi
The Pan African Medical Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of ovary: Hitherto rare entity in primary ovarian tumors
Md A. Osama, Seema Rao, Punita Bhardwaj, Geeta Mediratta, Sunita Bhalla, Sonia Badwal
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2023; 66(4): 855. CrossRef
Mixed neuroendocrine–non-neuroendocrine neoplasm with mucinous adenocarcinoma and amphicrine carcinoma components in the bile duct: an autopsy case
Toji Murabayashi, Yoshihide Kanno, Takashi Odaira, Shinsuke Koshita, Takahisa Ogawa, Hiroaki Kusunose, Toshitaka Sakai, Keisuke Yonamine, Kazuaki Miyamoto, Fumisato Kozakai, Kazuki Endo, Yutaka Noda, Takashi Sawai, Kei Ito
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 16(2): 310. CrossRef
Coexistence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Strumal Carcinoid Arising from Struma Ovarii in Pregnant Women: a Case Report and Review
Myungsoo Im, Doohwa Kim, Soree Ryang, Bo Hyun Kim
International Journal of Thyroidology.2023; 16(1): 134. CrossRef
Neuroendocrine Marker Expression in Primary Non-neuroendocrine Epithelial Tumors of the Ovary: A Study of 551 Cases
Michaela Kendall Bártů, Kristýna Němejcová, Romana Michálková, Quang Hiep Bui, Jana Drozenová, Pavel Fabian, Oluwole Fadare, Jitka Hausnerová, Jan Laco, Radoslav Matěj, Gábor Méhes, Adam Šafanda, Naveena Singh, Petr Škapa, Zuzana Špůrková, Simona Stolnicu
International Journal of Gynecological Pathology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Role of radiotherapy in the management of rare gynaecological cancers
R. Morcet-Delattre, S. Espenel, P. Tas, C. Chargari, A. Escande
Cancer/Radiothérapie.2023; 27(8): 778. CrossRef
Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, pulmonary type: A role for adjuvant radiotherapy after carboplatin and etoposide?
Anase S. Asom, Ricardo R. Lastra, Yasmin Hasan, Lori Weinberg, Gini F. Fleming, Katherine C. Kurnit
Gynecologic Oncology Reports.2022; 39: 100925. CrossRef
MicroRNA and Metabolic Profiling of a Primary Ovarian Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Pulmonary-Type Reveals a High Degree of Similarity with Small Cell Lung Cancer
Stefano Miglietta, Giulia Girolimetti, Lorena Marchio, Manuela Sollazzo, Noemi Laprovitera, Sara Coluccelli, Dario De Biase, Antonio De Leo, Donatella Santini, Ivana Kurelac, Luisa Iommarini, Anna Ghelli, Davide Campana, Manuela Ferracin, Anna Myriam Perr
Non-Coding RNA.2022; 8(5): 64. CrossRef
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of the Uterine Cervix, Endometrium, and Ovary Show Higher Tendencies for Bone, Brain, and Liver Organotrophic Metastases
Hyung Kyu Park
Current Oncology.2022; 29(10): 7461. CrossRef
Uterine carcinoma admixed with neuroendocrine carcinoma
Maria Victoria Olinca, Anca Potecă, Elvira Brătilă, Mihai Mitran
Ginecologia.ro.2022; 4(38): 32. CrossRef
The puzzle of gynecologic neuroendocrine carcinomas: State of the art and future directions
Giuseppe Caruso, Carolina Maria Sassu, Federica Tomao, Violante Di Donato, Giorgia Perniola, Margherita Fischetti, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici, Innocenza Palaia
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2021; 162: 103344. CrossRef
Pitfalls and challenges in managing neuroendocrine carcinoma of gynecological origin: A case series and brief review
Lauren E. Farmer, Rutmi U. Goradia, Nisha A. Lakhi
Clinical Case Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Primary mixed large cell neuroendocrine and high grade serous carcinoma of the endometrium
Liesel Elisabeth Hardy, Zia Chaudry, King Wan, Chloe Ayres
BMJ Case Reports.2020; 13(9): e234977. CrossRef
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the endometrium: Disease course, treatment, and outcomes
Kathryn Schlechtweg, Ling Chen, Caryn M. St. Clair, Ana I. Tergas, Fady Khoury-Collado, June Y. Hou, Alexander Melamed, Alfred I. Neugut, Dawn L. Hershman, Jason D. Wright
Gynecologic Oncology.2019; 155(2): 254. CrossRef
Peritoneal Fluid Cytology of Disseminated Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Combined with Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma of the Endometrium
Yong-Moon Lee, Min-Kyung Yeo, Song-Yi Choi, Kyung-Hee Kim, Kwang-Sun Suh
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2019; 53(6): 407. CrossRef
Pro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide: A New Serum Marker for Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma
Mine Kiseli, Gamze Sinem Caglar, Asli Yarci Gursoy, Tolga Tasci, Tuba Candar, Egemen Akincioglu, Emre Goksan Pabuccu, Nurettin Boran, Gokhan Tulunay, Haldun Umudum
Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation.2018; 83(6): 540. CrossRef
Tumeur neuroendocrine à petite cellule de l’endomètre : prise en charge originale
E. Galmiche, N. Hudry, P. Sagot, P. Ginod, S. Douvier
Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie .2017; 45(6): 381. CrossRef
Twist on a classic: vitamin D and hypercalcaemia of malignancy
Juan C Osorio, Masha G Jones, Nina Schatz-Siemers, Stephanie J Tang
BMJ Case Reports.2017; 2017: bcr-2017-220819. CrossRef
Mixed Neuroendocrine-Nonneuroendocrine Neoplasms (MiNENs): Unifying the Concept of a Heterogeneous Group of Neoplasms
Stefano La Rosa, Fausto Sessa, Silvia Uccella
Endocrine Pathology.2016; 27(4): 284. CrossRef
Neuroendocrine tumours in rare sites: differences in nomenclature and diagnostics—a rare and ubiquitous histotype
Elia Guadagno, Gaetano De Rosa, Marialaura Del Basso De Caro
Journal of Clinical Pathology.2016; 69(7): 563. CrossRef
Primary ovarian neuroendocrine tumor arising in association with a mature cystic teratoma: A case report
Nicolas M. Orsi, Mini Menon
Gynecologic Oncology Reports.2016; 17: 83. CrossRef
Benign Endometrial Polyp and Primary Endometrial Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Confined to the Polyp: A Rare Association
Pembe Oltulu, Ceyhan Uğurluoğlu, Ayşenur Uğur, Sıdıka Fındık, Lema Tavlı
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

Review & Perspective

Intraductal Carcinoma of Prostate: A Comprehensive and Concise Review: Jordan A. Roberts, Ming Zhou, Yong Wok Park, Jae Y. Ro; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(4):307-315. Published online August 26, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.4.307

13,371 View
143 Download
11 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is defined as a proliferation of prostate adenocarcinoma cells distending and spanning the lumen of pre-existing benign prostatic ducts and acini, with at least focal preservation of basal cells. Studies demonstrate that IDC-P is strongly associated with high-grade (Gleason grades 4/5), large-volume invasive prostate cancers. In addition, recent genetic studies indicate that IDC-P represents intraductal spread of invasive carcinoma, rather than a precursor lesion. Some of the architectural patterns in IDC-P exhibit architectural overlap with one of the main differential diagnoses, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). In these instances, additional diagnostic criteria for IDC-P, including marked nuclear pleomorphism, non-focal comedonecrosis (>1 duct showing comedonecrosis), markedly distended normal ducts/acini, positive nuclear staining for ERG, and cytoplasmic loss of PTEN by immunohistochemistry, can help make the distinction. This distinction between IDC-P and HGPIN is of critical importance because IDC-P has an almost constant association with invasive carcinoma and has negative clinical implications, including shorter relapse-free survival, early biochemical relapse, and metastatic failure rate after radiotherapy. Therefore, IDC-P should be reported in prostate biopsies and radical prostatectomies, regardless of the presence of an invasive component. This article will review the history, diagnostic criteria, molecular genetics, and clinical significance of IDC-P.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Microfluidic Applications in Prostate Cancer Research
Kailie Szewczyk, Linan Jiang, Hunain Khawaja, Cindy K. Miranti, Yitshak Zohar
Micromachines.2024; 15(10): 1195. CrossRef
Detection limits of significant prostate cancer using multiparametric MR and digital rectal examination in men with low serum PSA: Up-date of the Italian Society of Integrated Diagnostic in Urology
Andrea B. Galosi, Erika Palagonia, Simone Scarcella, Alessia Cimadamore, Vito Lacetera, Rocco F. Delle Fave, Angelo Antezza, Lucio Dell'Atti
Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia.2021; 93(1): 92. CrossRef
Prostate cancer with comedonecrosis is frequently, but not exclusively, intraductal carcinoma: a need for reappraisal of grading criteria
Raghav Madan, Mustafa Deebajah, Shaheen Alanee, Nilesh S Gupta, Shannon Carskadon, Nallasivam Palanisamy, Sean R Williamson
Histopathology.2019; 74(7): 1081. CrossRef
The impact of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate on the site and timing of recurrence and cancer‐specific survival
Vincent Q. Trinh, Jennifer Sirois, Nazim Benzerdjeb, Babak K. Mansoori, Andrée‐Anne Grosset, Roula Albadine, Mathieu Latour, Anne‐Marie Mes‐Masson, Hélène Hovington, Alain Bergeron, Martin Ladouceur, Yves Fradet, Fred Saad, Dominique Trudel
The Prostate.2018; 78(10): 697. CrossRef
Comedonecrosis Revisited
Samson W. Fine, Hikmat A. Al-Ahmadie, Ying-Bei Chen, Anuradha Gopalan, Satish K. Tickoo, Victor E. Reuter
American Journal of Surgical Pathology.2018; 42(8): 1036. CrossRef
Focal Signet Ring Cell High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia on Needle Biopsy
Guang-Qian Xiao, Pamela D. Unger
International Journal of Surgical Pathology.2017; 25(4): 344. CrossRef
Exposure to maternal obesogenic diet worsens some but not all pre-cancer phenotypes in a murine genetic model of prostate cancer
Theresa Okeyo-Owuor, Emily Benesh, Scott Bibbey, Michaela Reid, Jacques Halabi, Siobhan Sutcliffe, Kelle Moley, Shree Ram Singh
PLOS ONE.2017; 12(5): e0175764. CrossRef
Histopathological features of intra-ductal carcinoma of prostatic and high grade prostatic intraepithelialneoplasia and correlation with PTEN and P63
Simin Torabi-Nezhad, Leila Malekmakan, Mohadese Mashayekhi, Arghavan Daneshian
The Prostate.2016; 76(4): 394. CrossRef
Intraduktales Karzinom der Prostata
G. Kristiansen, M. Varma, G. Seitz
Der Pathologe.2016; 37(1): 27. CrossRef
A Better Understating of the Morphological Features and Molecular Characteristics of Intraductal Carcinoma Helps Clinicians Further Explain Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness
Rodolfo Montironi, Liang Cheng, Antonio Lopez-Beltran, Marina Scarpelli, Francesco Montorsi
European Urology.2015; 67(3): 504. CrossRef
Clinicopathological analysis of intraductal proliferative lesions of prostate: intraductal carcinoma of prostate, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and atypical cribriform lesion
Kosuke Miyai, Mukul K. Divatia, Steven S. Shen, Brian J. Miles, Alberto G. Ayala, Jae Y. Ro
Human Pathology.2014; 45(8): 1572. CrossRef

Original Articles

HDAC1 Expression in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast and Its Value as a Good Prognostic Factor: Minseob Eom, Sung Soo Oh, Sayamaa Lkhagvadorj, Airi Han, Kwang Hwa Park; Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(4):311-317. Published online August 23, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.4.311

7,753 View
60 Download
6 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Background

Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is associated with the expression and function of estrogen receptors and the proliferation of tumor cells, and has been considered a very important factor in breast tumor progression and prognosis. Several studies have reported an association between HDAC1 expression and poorer prognosis in cancers including breast cancer, with a few exceptions. However, because of the dearth of studies on HDAC1 expression in breast cancer, its significance for breast cancer prognosis has not been well defined. Therefore, we examined HDAC1 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), the most common breast cancer, and investigated its potential prognostic significance.

Methods

We used 203 IDC tissue samples. Immunohistochemical stains for HDAC1 and real-time polymerase chain reaction for HDAC1 mRNA were performed and the results were compared to generally well-established prognostic factors in breast cancer and patient survival rates.

Results

HDAC1 expression was significantly reduced in proportion to higher histologic grade, higher nuclear pleomorphism score, and higher mitotic counts, and with lower estrogen receptor expression. Furthermore, it was significantly associated with the survival rate.

Conclusions

HDAC1 expression is a good prognostic indicator in IDC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

SNP rs4971059 predisposes to breast carcinogenesis and chemoresistance via TRIM46‐mediated HDAC1 degradation
Zihan Zhang, Xiaoping Liu, Lei Li, Yang Yang, Jianguo Yang, Yue Wang, Jiajing Wu, Xiaodi Wu, Lin Shan, Fei Pei, Jianying Liu, Shu Wang, Wei Li, Luyang Sun, Jing Liang, Yongfeng Shang
The EMBO Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The Impact of Androgen Receptor and Histone Deacetylase 1 Expression on the Prognosis of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Choong Man Lee, Il Yong Chung, Yangsoon Park, Keong Won Yun, Hwi Gyeong Jo, Hye Jin Park, Hee Jin Lee, Sae Byul Lee, Hee Jeong Kim, Beom Seok Ko, Jong Won Lee, Byung Ho Son, Sei Hyun Ahn, Jisun Kim
Journal of Breast Cancer.2020; 23(6): 610. CrossRef
Prognostic and clinical significance of histone deacetylase 1 expression in breast cancer: A meta-analysis
Weiqiang Qiao, Heyang Liu, Ruidong Liu, Qipeng Liu, Ting Zhang, Wanying Guo, Peng Li, Miao Deng
Clinica Chimica Acta.2018; 483: 209. CrossRef
HDAC1 triggers the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells via upregulation of interleukin-8
Zhaohui Tang, Sijuan Ding, Honglin Huang, Pengfei Luo, Bohua Qing, Siyuan Zhang, Ruoting Tang
Biological Chemistry.2017; 398(12): 1347. CrossRef
Identification of novel histone deacetylase 1 inhibitors by combined pharmacophore modeling, 3D-QSAR analysis, in silico screening and Density Functional Theory (DFT) approaches
Sanjay K. Choubey, Richard Mariadasse, Santhosh Rajendran, Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman
Journal of Molecular Structure.2016; 1125: 391. CrossRef
The Potential of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Therapy
Namita Chatterjee, Martin Tenniswood
Breast Cancer Management.2015; 4(2): 85. CrossRef

The Ratio of Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia Foci to Core Numbers in Needle Biopsy: A Practical Index Predicting Breast Cancer in Subsequent Excision: Jeong-Ju Lee, Hee Jin Lee, Jun Kang, Jeong-Hyeon Jo, Gyungyub Gong; Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(1):15-21. Published online February 23, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.1.15

11,087 View
49 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Background

Although core needle biopsy (CNB) is considered to be the standard technique for histological diagnosis of breast lesions, it is less reliable for diagnosing atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH). We therefore assessed the characteristics of CNB-diagnosed ADH that are more likely to be associated with more advanced lesions on subsequent surgical excision.

Methods

We retrospectively examined 239 consecutive CNBs, 127 of which were diagnosed as ADH following surgical excision, performed at Asan Medical Center between 1995 and 2010. Archival slides were analyzed for the number of cores per specimen, the number of ADH foci, and the ratio of ADH foci to number of cores (FC ratio).

Results

We found that ADH foci in 3 or more cores (p=0.003) and the presence of ADH in 3 or more foci (p=0.002) were correlated with malignancy following excision lesion. Moreover, an FC>1.1 was significantly associated with malignancy in the subsequent excision (p=0.000).

Conclusions

Including the number of ADH foci, the number of cores involved according to ADH, FC ratio, and histologic type in a pathology report of CNB may help in making clinical decisions about surgical excision.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Active Surveillance for Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Rachel Miceli, Cecilia L Mercado, Osvaldo Hernandez, Chloe Chhor
Journal of Breast Imaging.2023; 5(4): 396. CrossRef

Case Reports

Esophageal Gland Duct Adenoma.: Yoonjung Kim, Yang Soon Park, Jei So Bang, Ji Yeon Kim, Young Hyeh Ko, Cheol Keun Park, Kyoung Mee Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S45-S47.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S45

3,332 View
47 Download

Abstract PDF: Benign ductal or glandular neoplasms of the esophagus unrelated to Barrett esophagus are extremely rare. Only 9 cases have been reported in the English language literature. We now report a case of esophageal gland duct adenoma incidentally found in a 73-year-old man. A 0.8 cm-sized, polypoid submucosal lesion in the distal esophagus was removed. Histologically, the lesion was well circumscribed and consisted of several ducts or cysts with focal papillary configurations. Interstitial lymphocytic infiltration with germinal centers was also observed. The lining cells of ducts or cysts were composed of two layers: an inner intensely eosinophilic luminal duct cell layer and an outer myoepithelial cell layer that was accentuated by alpha-smooth muscle actin. There was no significant nuclear atypia or mitosis. Mucin production was occasionally observed in a few goblet cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of benign ductal or glandular neoplasm of the esophagus among Koreans.

Simultaneous Pancreatic Serous Microcystic Adenoma and Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor of the Pancreas: A Case Report.: Hyoung Jong Kwak, Young Kon Kim, Baik Hwan Cho, Woo Sung Moon; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S29-S31.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S29

3,105 View
23 Download

Abstract PDF: Serous cystadenomas of the pancreas account for approximately a third of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Their coexistence with a second tumor is extremely rare. We now report a case of a serous microcystic adenoma combined with an intraductal papillary mucinous tumor of the pancreas in a 69-year-old man. Abdominal computed tomography scans demonstrated an incidental cystic mass in the body with cystic dilatation of the duct in the head of the pancreas. Central pancreatectomy with pancreatico-jejunostomy, and cyst excision of the pancreatic head were performed. Histologic examination demonstrated a serous microcystic cystadenoma in the body coexisting with an intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma in the head of the pancreas. This case study highlights the importance of careful intra-operative and pathologic examination for synchronous pancreatic tumors.

Ectopic Epididymis in Testicular Appendices: Report of Two Cases.: Hyun Soo Kim, Gou Young Kim, Hyung Lae Lee, Youn Wha Kim, Sung Jig Lim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S11-S14.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S11

3,293 View
24 Download

Abstract PDF: We report two cases of ectopic epididymal ducts and efferent ductules in the testicular appendices (TAs) of adult men with normally descended testes. In both cases, a sessile TA was incidentally found at the upper pole of the right testis during the scrotal hydrocelectomy. Microscopically, a few closely arranged tubules were detected within the TA. In the first case, the tubules were lined with a pseudostratified columnar epithelium with numerous, long microvilli, and were surrounded by a smooth muscle coat. In contrast, in the second case, the tubules had a wavy luminal surface, because ciliated columnar cells alternated with groups of cuboidal cells. In both cases, strong CD10 immunoreactivity was observed in the luminal border of the lining epithelium. Surgical pathologists should be aware of the presence of both ectopic epididymal ducts and efferent ductules that can occur in TAs, in order to avoid misinterpretation as transected, functional reproductive structures.

Original Articles

Idiopathic Duct Centric Pancreatitis in Korea: A Clinicopathological Study of 14 Cases.: Hyo Jeong Kang, Tae Jun Song, Eunsil Yu, Jihun Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(5):491-497.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.5.491

3,791 View
20 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Idiopathic duct centric pancreatitis (IDCP) is a subtype of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) that is histologically characterized by granulocytic epithelial lesion and scarce IgG4-positive cells. This subtype of AIP has not been documented in Asian countries.
METHODS
We reviewed 38 histologically confirmed AIP cases and classified them into lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis (LPSP) and IDCP. Then, clinicopathological characteristics were compared between LPSP and IDCP.
RESULTS
Fourteen cases (36.8%) were IDCP. IDCP affected younger patients more than LPSP. IDCP was associated with ulcerative colitis in 35.7% of cases, whereas LPSP was associated with IgG4-related sclerosing diseases such as cholangitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis or sialadenitis in 41.7% of cases. IDCP was microscopically characterized by neutrophilic ductoacinitis with occasional granulocytic epithelial lesions, whereas LPSP was characterized by storiform inflammatory cell-rich fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis. IgG4-positive cells were not detected in any IDCP case but more than 20 IgG4-positive cells per high-power-field were invariably detected in LPSP cases. All patients with IDCP responded dramatically to steroids without recurrence, whereas 33.3% of patients with LPSP developed recurrences.
CONCLUSIONS
IDCP is clinicopathologically distinct from LPSP and can be diagnosed when neutrophilic ductoacinitis or granulocytic epithelial lesions are observed in a pancreatic biopsy under the appropriate clinical setting.

Uncoupling Protein 2 (UCP2) and p53 Expression in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast.: Kyu Yeoun Won, Gou Young Kim, Youn Wha Kim, Sung Jig Lim, Jeong Yoon Song; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(6):565-570.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.6.565

4,424 View
28 Download
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a recently identified mitochondrial inner membrane anion carrier and a negative regulator of reactive oxygen species production. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics and relationships of UCP2 and p53 expression in breast cancer tissues.
METHODS
Tissue microarray slides from 107 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were constructed, UCP2 and p53 immunohistochemical staining was conducted, and clinicopathological correlations were investigated.
RESULTS
UCP2 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma was high in 53 cases (49.5%), while p53 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma was high in 37 cases (34.6%). UCP2 expression was correlated significantly with histological grade (p = 0.038) and mitotic count (p = 0.050). UCP2 expression was correlated significantly with p53 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (p = 0.045). UCP2 expression (p = 0.8308) and p53 expression (p = 0.3292) showed no significant difference for the overall survival rate in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma.
CONCLUSIONS
UCP2 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma increased proportionally with histological grade and mitotic count. High UCP2 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma was observed in conjunction with high p53 expression.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Forkhead box protein A1 inhibits the expression of uncoupling protein 2 in hydrogen peroxide-induced A549 cell line
Lan Song, Zhaojun Xu, Ling Li, Mei Hu, Lijuan Cheng, Lingli Chen, Bo Zhang
Cell Stress and Chaperones.2014; 19(1): 53. CrossRef
New Aspects of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins (UCPs) and Their Roles in Tumorigenesis
Delira Robbins, Yunfeng Zhao
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2011; 12(8): 5285. CrossRef

Clinical Outcome of Surgically Resected Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm According to the Marginal Status: A Single Center Experience.: Sun A Kim, Eunsil Yu, Song Cheol Kim, Jihun Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(4):410-419.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.4.410

3,803 View
23 Download
3 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Surgical resection is the treatment of choice of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas. However, the benefit of clearing resection margin is still controversial.
METHODS
We reviewed 281 surgically resected cases of IPMN. The recurrences were compared according to the histologic grade (benign or borderline IPMN, malignant noninvasive IPMN, invasive carcinoma) and size (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, PanIN, less than 0.5 cm in the long axis; and IPMN, greater than or equal to 0.5 cm) of the residual lesions at the resection margin.
RESULTS
Sixty cases (21.4%) were invasive carcinoma, and 221 (78.6%) noninvasive cases included 87 (31.0%) benign, 107 (38.1%) borderline and 11 (3.9%) malignant noninvasive IPMN cases. In noninvasive IPMN, increased recurrence in patients with five or more years of follow-up was only related to the involvement of resection margin by severe dysplasia. The recurrence of invasive carcinoma was high (27.3%) even when the resection margin was clear, and was not related to the grade or size of residual tumors at the resection margin.
CONCLUSIONS
Invasiveness is a strong risk factor for recurrence in IPMN regardless of the status of the resection margin. However, in noninvasive IPMN, histologic grading of residual lesions at the resection margin predicts local recurrence.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Systematic review of challenging issues in pathology of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms
Laura D. Wood, N. Volkan Adsay, Olca Basturk, Lodewijk A.A. Brosens, Noriyoshi Fukushima, Seung-Mo Hong, Sung-Joo Kim, Jae W. Lee, Claudio Luchini, Michaël Noë, Martha B. Pitman, Aldo Scarpa, Aatur D. Singhi, Mariko Tanaka, Toru Furukawa
Pancreatology.2023; 23(7): 878. CrossRef
The Use of Intraoperative Frozen Sections in Guiding the Extent of Pancreatic Resections for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
Zhikai Chi, Deepti Dhall, Richard Mertens
Pancreas.2022; 51(1): 63. CrossRef
Recurrence of non-invasive intraductal papillary municious neoplasm seven years following total pancreatectomy
Nayima M. Clermont Dejean, Sinziana Dumitra, Jeffrey S. Barkun
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2013; 4(9): 789. CrossRef

Clinicopathological Significance of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with High Prevalence of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer.: Ji Youn Sung, Gou Young Kim, Yong Koo Park, Juhie Lee, Youn Wha Kim, Sung Jig Lim; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(4):390-396.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.4.390

4,046 View
35 Download
3 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Epithelial tumor cells with a CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) immunoprofile may have the ability to cause breast cancer. We studied these cells and their clinicopathological significance.
METHODS
The clinicopathologic findings of 100 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) cases and 45 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cases were reviewed. CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells were identified by immunohistochemistry, and their clinicopathological implications in IDC and DCIS were analyzed.
RESULTS
IDC with a high prevalence of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells was significantly associated with larger mass, higher grade, estrogen receptor (ER) negativity, and tumor cells with a higher frequency of metastasis. The proportion of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells in IDC, and its DCIS components was not significantly different, whereas the proportion of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells was higher in DCIS than in the DCIS component of IDC (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
IDC with a high prevalence of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells might correlate with aggressive features, such as ER and higher grades. Moreover, the proportion of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells in the DCIS components of IDC and DCIS might harbor different biology, which may lead to differences in cancer progression and early carcinogenesis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

CD44 Marks Dormant Tumor Cells After HER2 Inhibition in Breast Cancer Cells
Carla Vargas, Adam Aguirre-Ducler, Karina Cereceda, Sebastián Quijada, Nicolás Escobar-Gómez, Rodrigo L. Castillo, Matías Escobar-Aguirre
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(10): 4907. CrossRef
Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Breast Cancer Stem Cells Identified on the Basis of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Expression
Yoon Seok Kim, Min Jung Jung, Dong Won Ryu, Chung Han Lee
Journal of Breast Cancer.2014; 17(2): 121. CrossRef
CD44/CD24 as potential prognostic markers in node-positive invasive ductal breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy
Agnieszka Adamczyk, Joanna A. Niemiec, Aleksandra Ambicka, Anna Mucha-Małecka, Jerzy Mituś, Janusz Ryś
Journal of Molecular Histology.2014; 45(1): 35. CrossRef

First
Prev
Page of 7
Next
Last

Search