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2019 Practice guidelines for thyroid core needle biopsy: a report of the Clinical Practice Guidelines Development Committee of the Korean Thyroid Association
Chan Kwon Jung, Jung Hwan Baek, Dong Gyu Na, Young Lyun Oh, Ka Hee Yi, Ho-Cheol Kang
J Pathol Transl Med. 2020;54(1):64-86.   Published online January 15, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2019.12.04
  • 18,595 View
  • 848 Download
  • 28 Web of Science
  • 30 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) has been increasingly used for the pre-operative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Since the Korean Society of the Thyroid Radiology published the ‘Consensus Statement and Recommendations for Thyroid CNB’ in 2017 and the Korean Endocrine Pathology Thyroid CNB Study Group published ‘Pathology Reporting of Thyroid Core Needle Biopsy’ in 2015, advances have occurred rapidly not only in the management guidelines for thyroid nodules but also in the diagnostic terminology and classification schemes. The Clinical Practice Guidelines Development Committee of the Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) reviewed publications on thyroid CNB from 1995 to September 2019 and updated the recommendations and statements for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules using CNB. Recommendations for the resolution of clinical controversies regarding the use of CNB were based on expert opinion. These practical guidelines include recommendations and statements regarding indications for CNB, patient preparation, CNB technique, biopsy-related complications, biopsy specimen preparation and processing, and pathology interpretation and reporting of thyroid CNB.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A comparative analysis of core needle biopsy and repeat fine needle aspiration in patients with inconclusive initial cytology of thyroid nodules
    Xuejiao Su, Can Yue, Wanting Yang, Buyun Ma
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Narrative Review of the 2023 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guideline for Patients with Thyroid Nodules
    Eun Kyung Lee, Young Joo Park, Chan Kwon Jung, Dong Gyu Na
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Risk of thyroid cancer in a lung cancer screening population of the National Lung Screening Trial according to the presence of incidental thyroid nodules detected on low-dose chest CT
    Hyobin Seo, Kwang Nam Jin, Ji Sang Park, Koung Mi Kang, Eun Kyung Lee, Ji Ye Lee, Roh-Eul Yoo, Young Joo Park, Ji-hoon Kim
    Ultrasonography.2023; 42(2): 275.     CrossRef
  • Preoperative Risk Stratification of Follicular-patterned Thyroid Lesions on Core Needle Biopsy by Histologic Subtyping and RAS Variant-specific Immunohistochemistry
    Meejeong Kim, Sora Jeon, Chan Kwon Jung
    Endocrine Pathology.2023; 34(2): 247.     CrossRef
  • Differential regional importance mapping for thyroid nodule malignancy prediction with potential to improve needle aspiration biopsy sampling reliability
    Liping Wang, Yuan Wang, Wenliang Lu, Dong Xu, Jincao Yao, Lijing Wang, Lei Xu
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules – Diagnosis and management strategies
    Tapoi Dana Antonia, Lambrescu Ioana Maria, Gheorghisan-Galateanu Ancuta-Augustina
    Pathology - Research and Practice.2023; 246: 154516.     CrossRef
  • 2023 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules
    Young Joo Park, Eun Kyung Lee, Young Shin Song, Soo Hwan Kang, Bon Seok Koo, Sun Wook Kim, Dong Gyu Na, Seung-Kuk Baek, So Won Oh, Min Kyoung Lee, Sang-Woo Lee, Young Ah Lee, Yong Sang Lee, Ji Ye Lee, Dong-Jun Lim, Leehi Joo, Yuh-Seog Jung, Chan Kwon Jung
    International Journal of Thyroidology.2023; 16(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Fast Track Management of Primary Thyroid Lymphoma in the Very Elderly Patient
    Pierre Yves Marcy, Frederic Bauduer, Juliette Thariat, Olivier Gisserot, Edouard Ghanassia, Bruno Chetaille, Laurys Boudin, Jean Baptiste Morvan
    Current Oncology.2023; 30(6): 5816.     CrossRef
  • Reevaluating diagnostic categories and associated malignancy risks in thyroid core needle biopsy
    Chan Kwon Jung
    Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2023; 57(4): 208.     CrossRef
  • Diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Yuxuan Qiu, Zhichao Xing, Qianru Yang, Yan Luo, Buyun Ma
    Heliyon.2023; 9(10): e20654.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration and ultrasound in thyroid pathology
    P. S. Glushkov, R. Kh. Azimov, N. L. Aleshenko, E. A. Maruchak, Y. P. Sych, G. N. Minkova, K. A. Shemyatovsky, V. A. Gorsky
    Endocrine Surgery.2023; 17(3): 43.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Core Needle Biopsy and Repeat Fine-Needle Aspiration in Avoiding Diagnostic Surgery for Thyroid Nodules Initially Diagnosed as Atypia/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance
    Leehi Joo, Dong Gyu Na, Ji-hoon Kim, Hyobin Seo
    Korean Journal of Radiology.2022; 23(2): 280.     CrossRef
  • Diagnostic efficacy, performance and safety of side-cut core needle biopsy for thyroid nodules: comparison of automated and semi-automated biopsy needles
    Ji Yeon Park, Seong Yoon Yi, Soo Heui Baek, Yu Hyun Lee, Heon-Ju Kwon, Hee Jin Park
    Endocrine.2022; 76(2): 341.     CrossRef
  • Thyroid Cancer Diagnostics Related to Occupational and Environmental Risk Factors: An Integrated Risk Assessment Approach
    Gabriela Maria Berinde, Andreea Iulia Socaciu, Mihai Adrian Socaciu, Andreea Cozma, Armand Gabriel Rajnoveanu, Gabriel Emil Petre, Doina Piciu
    Diagnostics.2022; 12(2): 318.     CrossRef
  • Approach to Bethesda system category III thyroid nodules according to US-risk stratification
    Jieun Kim, Jung Hee Shin, Young Lyun Oh, Soo Yeon Hahn, Ko Woon Park
    Endocrine Journal.2022; 69(1): 67.     CrossRef
  • Clinicopathological and Molecular Features of Secondary Cancer (Metastasis) to the Thyroid and Advances in Management
    Marie Nguyen, George He, Alfred King-Yin Lam
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(6): 3242.     CrossRef
  • Diagnostic Performance of Thyroid Core Needle Biopsy Using the Revised Reporting System: Comparison with Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
    Kwangsoon Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Jeong Soo Kim, So Lyung Jung, Chan Kwon Jung
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(1): 159.     CrossRef
  • Core Needle Biopsy Can Early and Precisely Identify Large Thyroid Masses
    Antonio Matrone, Luigi De Napoli, Liborio Torregrossa, Aleksandr Aghababyan, Piermarco Papini, Carlo Enrico Ambrosini, Rosa Cervelli, Clara Ugolini, Fulvio Basolo, Eleonora Molinaro, Rossella Elisei, Gabriele Materazzi
    Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Primary thyroid leiomyosarcoma with transvenous extension to the right atrium: a case report
    Juraj Dubrava, Peter Martanovic, Marina Pavlovicova, Pavel Babal, Akhil Narang, Maria Mattioli, Nidhish Tiwari, Zhiyu Liu, Mariame Chakir
    European Heart Journal - Case Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Radiofrequency ablation for management of thyroid nodules in quarantine zone of COVID-19 pandemic setting in Indonesia
    Kristanto Yuli Yarso, Sumadi Lukman Anwar
    Annals of Medicine and Surgery.2022; 81: 104132.     CrossRef
  • A Matched-Pair Analysis of Nuclear Morphologic Features Between Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Specimen in Thyroid Tumors Using a Deep Learning Model
    Faridul Haq, Andrey Bychkov, Chan Kwon Jung
    Endocrine Pathology.2022; 33(4): 472.     CrossRef
  • Diagnostic performance of core needle biopsy as a first‐line diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules according to ultrasound patterns: Comparison with fine needle aspiration using propensity score matching analysis
    Hye Shin Ahn, Inyoung Youn, Dong Gyu Na, Soo Jin Kim, Mi Yeon Lee
    Clinical Endocrinology.2021; 94(3): 494.     CrossRef
  • Hydrodissection: A Novel Approach for Safe Core Needle Biopsy of Small High-Risk Subcapsular Thyroid Nodules
    Hojat Ebrahiminik, Hossein Chegeni, Javad Jalili, Rambod Salouti, Hadi Rokni, Afshin Mohammadi, Ali Mosaddegh Khah, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar, Zahra Ebrahiminik
    CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology.2021; 44(10): 1651.     CrossRef
  • Application of biomarkers in the diagnosis of uncertain samples of core needle biopsy of thyroid nodules
    Yan Xiong, Xin Li, Li Liang, Dong Li, Limin Yan, Xueying Li, Jiting Di, Ting Li
    Virchows Archiv.2021; 479(5): 961.     CrossRef
  • VE1 immunohistochemistry is an adjunct tool for detection of BRAFV600E mutation: Validation in thyroid cancer patients
    Faiza A. Rashid, Sobia Tabassum, Mosin S. Khan, Hifzur R. Ansari, Muhammad Asif, Ahmareen K. Sheikh, Syed Sameer Aga
    Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Diagnostic Value of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System Classification and Shear-Wave Elastography for the Differentiation of Thyroid Nodules
    Gül Bora Makal, Aydın Aslan
    Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.2021; 47(5): 1227.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the diagnostic performance of the modified Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System for thyroid malignancy with three international guidelines
    Eun Ju Ha, Jung Hee Shin, Dong Gyu Na, So Lyung Jung, Young Hen Lee, Wooyul Paik, Min Ji Hong, Yeo Koon Kim, Chang Yoon Lee
    Ultrasonography.2021; 40(4): 594.     CrossRef
  • VE1 Immunohistochemistry Improves the Limit of Genotyping for Detecting BRAFV600E Mutation in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
    Sonam Choden, Somboon Keelawat, Chan Kwon Jung, Andrey Bychkov
    Cancers.2020; 12(3): 596.     CrossRef
  • The 2019 core-needle biopsy practice guidelines
    So Yeong Jeong, Jung Hwan Baek
    Ultrasonography.2020; 39(3): 311.     CrossRef
  • Re: The 2019 core-needle biopsy practice guidelines
    Ji-hoon Kim
    Ultrasonography.2020; 39(3): 313.     CrossRef
Case Study
Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor of the Thyroid Gland, a Diagnostic Challenge in Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology: Case Report
Ye-Young Rhee, Hong Kyu Jung, Se Hoon Kim, Soo Hee Kim
J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(4):252-256.   Published online June 11, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.04.28
  • 8,272 View
  • 169 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is a rare thyroid tumor with low to minimal malignant potential. HTT is often misinterpreted as other thyroid tumors, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), on fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, because of its overlapping cytologic features, such as nuclear grooves and intranulcear pseudoinclusions. Although cytopathologists cannot definitely conclude HTT by FNA cytology, suspicion of HTT is necessary to avoid misdiagnosing HTT as PTC or MTC and to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatment. Here, we report a case of HTT with novel cytologic features in CellPrep liquid based cytology that was diagnosed as suspicious for papillary carcinoma by FNA and finally diagnosed as HTT in the surgical specimen.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Cytomorphological traits of fine-needle aspirates of hyalinizing trabecular tumor of the thyroid gland: A brief report
    Fei Wang, Yufei Liu
    Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2024; 67(1): 128.     CrossRef
  • Total thyroidectomy can still remain the method of choice in some Bethesda III cases
    Jindrich Lukas, Barbora Hintnausova, Vlasta Sykorova, Martin Syrucek, Marek Maly, Jaroslava Duskova
    Biomedical Papers.2023; 167(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Diagnostic clues for hyalinizing trabecular tumor on fine needle aspiration cytology
    Lone Nielsen, Ana María Colino Gallardo, Pablo Pérez Alonso, Luis Ortega Medina, Esthefanía Latorre García, Cristina Díaz del Arco, Reyes Bergillos Jiménez, Lorenzo Alarcón García, Marta Cruz Blanco, Jesús Vega González, Montserrat De la Torre Serrano, Ma
    Cytojournal.2023; 20: 19.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Characteristics of the Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor
    Byung-Chang Kim, Shin Jeong Pak, Jae Won Cho, Won Woong Kim, Yu-mi Lee, Tae-Yon Sung, Jung Hwan Baek, Ki-Wook Chung
    Journal of Endocrine Surgery.2022; 22(4): 116.     CrossRef
  • A Case of Multifocal Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumors of the Thyroid Gland
    Suhwan Jeong, Hanaro Park
    Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.2021; 32(3): 308.     CrossRef
  • The Diagnosis of Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor: A Difficult and Controversial Thyroid Entity
    Esther Diana Rossi, Mauro Papotti, William Faquin, Luigi Maria Larocca, Liron Pantanowitz
    Head and Neck Pathology.2020; 14(3): 778.     CrossRef
  • A large series of hyalinizing trabecular tumors: Cytomorphology and ancillary techniques on fine needle aspiration
    Marco Dell’Aquila, Carmen Gravina, Alessandra Cocomazzi, Sara Capodimonti, Teresa Musarra, Stefania Sfregola, Vincenzo Fiorentino, Luca Revelli, Maurizio Martini, Guido Fadda, Liron Pantanowitz, Luigi Maria Larocca, Esther Diana Rossi
    Cancer Cytopathology.2019; 127(6): 390.     CrossRef
  • GLIS rearrangements in thyroid nodules: A key to preoperative diagnosis of hyalinizing trabecular tumor
    Marina N. Nikiforova, Yuri E. Nikiforov, N. Paul Ohori
    Cancer Cytopathology.2019; 127(9): 560.     CrossRef
Original Articles
Morphological and Functional Changes in the Thyroid Follicles of the Aged Murine and Humans
Junguee Lee, Shinae Yi, Yea Eun Kang, Hyeon-Woo Kim, Kyong Hye Joung, Hae Joung Sul, Koon Soon Kim, Minho Shong
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(6):426-435.   Published online October 14, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.07.19
  • 11,767 View
  • 360 Download
  • 27 Web of Science
  • 30 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Although both thyroid histology and serum concentrations of hormones are known to change with age, only a few reports exist on the relationship between the age-related structural and functional changes of the thyroid follicles in both mice and humans. Our objectives were to investigate age-related histological changes of the thyroid follicles and to determine whether these morphological changes were associated with the functional activity of the follicles.
Methods
The thyroid glands of mice at 18 weeks and at 6, 15, and 30 months of age were histologically examined, and the serum levels of thyroid hormones were measured in 11-week-old and 20-month-old mice. Samples of human thyroid tissue from 10 women over 70 years old and 10 women between 30 and 50 years of age were analyzed in conjunction with serum thyroid hormone level.
Results
The histological and functional changes observed in the thyroid follicles of aged mice and women were as follows: variable sizing and enlargement of the follicles; increased irregularity of follicles; Sanderson’s polsters in the wall of large follicles; a large thyroglobulin (Tg) globule or numerous small fragmented Tg globules in follicular lumens; oncocytic change in follicular cells; and markedly dilated follicles empty of colloid. Serum T3 levels in 20-month-old mice and humans were unremarkable.
Conclusions
Thyroid follicles of aged mice and women show characteristic morphological changes, such as cystic atrophy, empty colloid, and Tg globules.

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Evaluation of the VE1 Antibody in Thyroid Cytology Using Ex Vivo Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Specimens
Yon Hee Kim, Hyunee Yim, Yong-Hee Lee, Jae Ho Han, Kyi Beom Lee, Jeonghun Lee, Euy Young Soh, Seon-Yong Jeong, Jang-Hee Kim
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(1):58-66.   Published online December 14, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.10.10
  • 9,048 View
  • 71 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Recently, VE1, a monoclonal antibody against the BRAFV600E mutant protein, has been investigated in terms of its detection of the BRAFV600E mutation. Although VE1 immunostaining and molecular methods used to assess papillary thyroid carcinoma in surgical specimens are in good agreement, evaluation of VE1 in thyroid cytology samples is rarely performed, and its diagnostic value in cytology has not been well established. In present study, we explored VE1 immunoexpression in cytology samples from ex vivo papillary thyroid carcinoma specimens in order to minimize limitations of low cellularity and sampling/targeting errors originated from thyroid fineneedle aspiration and compared our results with those obtained using the corresponding papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues. Methods: The VE1 antibody was evaluated in 21 cases of thyroid cytology obtained directly from ex vivo thyroid specimens. VE1 immunostaining was performed using liquid-based cytology, and the results were compared with those obtained using the corresponding tissues. Results: Of 21 cases, 19 classic papillary thyroid carcinomas had BRAFV600E mutations, whereas two follicular variants expressed wild-type BRAF. VE1 immunoexpression varied according to specimen type. In detection of the BRAFV600E mutation, VE1 immunostaining of the surgical specimen exhibited 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, whereas VE1 immunostaining of the cytology specimen exhibited only 94.7% sensitivity and 0% specificity. Conclusions: Our data suggest that VE1 immunostaining of a cytology specimen is less specific than that of a surgical specimen for detection of the BRAFV600E mutation, and that VE1 immunostaining of a cytology specimen should be further evaluated and optimized for clinical use.

Citations

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  • VE1 immunohistochemistry is an adjunct tool for detection of BRAFV600E mutation: Validation in thyroid cancer patients
    Faiza A. Rashid, Sobia Tabassum, Mosin S. Khan, Hifzur R. Ansari, Muhammad Asif, Ahmareen K. Sheikh, Syed Sameer Aga
    Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • Diagnostic efficacy of brafv600e immunocytochemistry in thyroid aspirates in bethesda category iv and papillary thyroid carcinoma
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Case Study
A Case of Multifocal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Consisting of One Encapsulated Follicular Variant with BRAF K601E Mutation and Three Conventional Types with BRAF V600E Mutation
Wook Youn Kim, Young Sin Ko, Tae Sook Hwang, Hye Seung Han, So Dug Lim, Wan Seop Kim, Seo Young Oh
Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(3):293-298.   Published online June 25, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.3.293
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AbstractAbstract PDF

Multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (mPTC) comprises about 20-30% of PTC. In mPTC, individual tumor foci can be identical or frequently composed of different histological types including follicular, solid, tall-cell or conventional patterns. We report a case of mPTC consisting of one encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) and three conventional PTCs in a 44-year-old woman. This case genetically demonstrates unique features including the simultaneous presence of the BRAF V600E (T1799A) mutation and the BRAF K601E (A1801G) mutation in conventional PTC and FVPTC, respectively.

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    Antonio Matrone, Fabrizia Citro, Carla Gambale, Alessandro Prete, Elisa Minaldi, Raffaele Ciampi, Teresa Ramone, Gabriele Materazzi, Liborio Torregrossa, Rossella Elisei
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Original Article
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Thyroid Follicular Neoplasm: Cytohistologic Correlation and Accuracy
Changyoung Yoo, Hyun Joo Choi, Soyoung Im, Ji Han Jung, Kiouk Min, Chang Suk Kang, Young-Jin Suh
Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(1):61-66.   Published online February 25, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.1.61
  • 9,912 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

This study evaluated the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in cases of follicular neoplasm (FN) on the basis of histologic diagnosis, and reviewed the cytologic findings of FN according to the FNAC.

Methods

Among the 66 cases diagnosed with thyroid FN by FNAC during the 7-year period from 2003 to 2009, 36 cases that had undergone thyroid surgery were available for review. Cytologic diagnosis was compared with the histologic diagnosis of each case.

Results

Among the 36 cases with a cytologic diagnosis of thyroid FN, histologic diagnosis was as follows: 20 follicular adenomas (55.6%), 3 Hurthle cell adenomas (8.3%), 2 follicular carcinomas (5.6%), 8 nodular goiters (22.2%), 2 papillary carcinomas (5.6%), and 1 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (2.8%), resulting in a diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for thyroid FN of 69.5%.

Conclusions

This study shows that FNAC for thyroid FN is a useful primary screening method because when FN is diagnosed by FNAC, the rate of FN histologic diagnosis is relatively high, however, adequate sampling and experience is a prerequisite for this procedure.

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Case Report
Cytologic Findings of Thyroid Carcinoma Showing Thymus-like Differentiation: A Case Report
Sunhee Chang, Mee Joo, Hanseong Kim
Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(3):302-305.   Published online June 22, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.3.302
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AbstractAbstract PDF

Carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare carcinoma of the thyroid or adjacent soft tissue of the neck with a histologic resemblance to thymic epithelial tumors. Although the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) plays a central role in the initial evaluation of thyroid nodules, few reports about the cytologic findings of CASTLE have been found according to a review of literatures. We report cytologic findings of a case of CASTLE. A 34-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of sore throat. The FNA showed that the smear was composed of three dimensional clusters and sheets. The tumor cells were round to ovoid with high nuclear : cytoplasmic ratios. The nuclei were vesicular with small nucleoli. There were some tumor cells showing keratinization. Some lymphocytes were found on the background and within clusters. The presence of poorly-differentiated tumor cells with a focal keratinization and a lymphocytic background on the FNA is suggestive of CASTLE.

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    Tomoko Uchiyama, Chiyoko Terada, Yuma Tachibana, Hirokazu Nishiura, Maiko Takeda, Tomomi Fujii, Takahiro Kimura, Masahiro Tsutsumi, Chiho Ohbayashi
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Original Articles
Detection of Survivin and COX-2 in Thyroid Carcinoma: Anaplastic Carcinoma Shows Overexpression of Nuclear Survivin and Low COX-2 Expression
Young A Kim, Meesoo Chang, Young Joo Park, Ji Eun Kim
Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(1):55-60.   Published online February 23, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.1.55
  • 7,630 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Overexpression of survivin, a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein, has been reported in various carcinomas, and its interaction with cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) results in accelerated tumor progression. The purpose of this study is to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of survivin and COX-2 in benign and malignant thyroid tissues and to define its association with pathologic and clinical features.

Methods

We examined expression of survivin and COX-2 by immunohistochemistry in 334 benign and malignant thyroid tissues and evaluated their clinical significance.

Results

Expression of survivin showed an increase along the spectrum of thyroid carcinoma progression; rarely positive in adenomatous goiter, moderately positive in papillary carcinoma, and strongly positive in anaplastic carcinoma (AC). Papillary microcarcinoma revealed the highest COX-2 positivity and AC demonstrated the lowest positivity among thyroid cancers. Node negative carcinomas showed higher COX-2 expression than node positive tumors. Survivin expression did not correlate with COX-2.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that survivin overexpression may be related to the pathogenesis of AC and can be a predictor of disease progression. COX-2 may be involved in the early phase of thyroid carcinoma.

Citations

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  • Survivin as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker for thyroid cancer
    Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani, Arash Alghasi, Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni, Akram Jalali, Mohammad Jamshidi, Ali Khodadadi
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    Xiaoyan Fu, Huayong Zhang, Zhipeng Chen, Zhongyuan Yang, Dingbo Shi, Tianrun Liu, Weichao Chen, Fan Yao, Xuan Su, Wuguo Deng, Miao Chen, Ankui Yang
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    Min Hye Jang, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Hye Sook Min
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  • Evaluation of survivin expression and its prognostic value in papillary thyroid carcinoma
    Sonja Selemetjev, Tijana Isic Dencic, Ilona Marecko, Jelena Jankovic, Ivan Paunovic, Svetlana Savin, Dubravka Cvejic
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Clinical Usefulness of SurePath(TM) Liquid-based Cytology in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration: Comparison with the Conventional Smear in Diagnostic Efficacy and Applicability of BRAF Mutation Test.
Wook Youn Kim, Sang Hwa Lee, Young Sin Ko, So Dug Lim, Wan Seop Kim, Hye Seung Han, Hye Sil Seol, Seo Young Oh, Won Jin Moon, Tae Sook Hwang
Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(2):188-195.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.2.188
  • 4,317 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Recently, liquid-based cytology (LBC) has been introduced as an alternative to the conventional smear (CS) technique in thyroid fine needle aspiration, due to its diagnostic convenience.
METHODS
We assessed 77 cases of thyroid fine needle aspiration using the SurePath(TM) method (SP) as LBC and CS via split-sample techniques. BRAF mutation tests were carried out via polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing immediately after diagnosis or a delay of more than one year.
RESULTS
In a comparison between SP and CS, the rate of concordance between SP and CS was as high as 84.4% (kappa value, 0.754). In comparison with histologic diagnosis, the overall sensitivity was 100% for both. The specificity was 62.5% for SP and 56.3% for CS. Relative to CS, papillary carcinomas on SP slides revealed more accentuated nuclear irregularities, nucleoli, and reduced nuclear size. In contrast to CS, the delayed BRAFV600E mutation test using SP slides after 1-2 years failed. The use of new primers amplifying shorter product size could help the delayed test achieve success.
CONCLUSIONS
Differences in the diagnostic efficacy of SP and CS were negligible. The failure of the delayed BRAF mutation test on the SP slides might be associated with DNA degradation.

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  • Comparison of Liquid-Based Preparations with Conventional Smears in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspirates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Effect of Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitor in TCDD Pre-exposed Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma Cell Line.
Hae Sung Kim, Kwang Sung Ahn, Jeong Hyeon Lee, Yang Seok Chae, Nam Hee Won, Jong Sang Choi, Chul Hwan Kim
Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(1):1-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.1.1
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is related to carcinogenesis and progression of cancer. COX-2 has been detected in thyroid cancer. This suggests that COX-2 inhibitor may be useful to control the growth of thyroid cancer cells as well as the progression of thyroid cancer. Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), acting as an inflammatory cytokine, directly induces the expression of COX-2. We examine whether TCDD controls the effect of COX-2 inhibitor on thyroid cancer cells.
METHODS
The effects of TCDD and celecoxib on thyroid papillary carcinoma cell line (SNU790) were examined using cell proliferation and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expressed COX-2 levels and the cell cycle-related proteins. The matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression and gelatinolytic activity were examined using real time-polymerase chain reaction and zymography.
RESULTS
TCDD directly induced the growth of SNU790 and the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin A, cyclin E, p21 and COX-2. Celecoxib suppressed the growth of SNU790 and the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Celecoxib reduced the MMP-2 expression and the gelatinolytic activity, but those effects were decreased in the SNU790 by either pre-treatment with TCDD or co-treatment with TCDD and celecoxib.
CONCLUSIONS
Celocoxib effect is directly reduced depending on the exposure to TCDD. TCDD exposure should be considered in the treatment with Celecoxib.

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  • Histone H3 phosphorylation, immediate-early gene expression, and the nucleosomal response: a historical perspective1This article is part of Special Issue entitled Asilomar Chromatin and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.
    Shannon Healy, Protiti Khan, Shihua He, James R. Davie
    Biochemistry and Cell Biology.2012; 90(1): 39.     CrossRef
The Analysis of Indeterminate Category in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration.
Soo Kee Min, Jinwon Seo, Sun Young Jun, Kwangseon Min, Hye Rim Park
Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(6):657-661.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.6.657
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  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Descriptive diagnosis reports have been causing some problems in communication. Our institution decided to use the category diagnosis system since June, 2008. So we evaluated the effectiveness of this change.
METHODS
The category system is composed of unsatisfactory, suboptimal for diagnosis but suggestive of, most probably benign, indeterminate, suspicious for malignancy and malignancy. We evaluated 1,525 cases from June, 2008 to September, 2009. We analyzed 159 cases of the indeterminate category.
RESULTS
Among the 159 cases, 21 were re-aspirated and 63 underwent an operation. The diagnoses of the re-aspirated cases were 2 positive for malignancy, 5 indeterminate, 13 most probably benign, and 1 unsatisfactory. The surgical diagnoses were 39 malignancies, 2 follicular adenomas and 1 Hurthle cell adenoma, and 21 benign lesions. Re-aspiration for the indeterminate cases could help decide whether the lesions need to be operated or not at above 70%. The indeterminate category could predict the surgical diagnosis of the thyroid nodule with statistical significance when the subcategories were indicated (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The category diagnosis is replacing the descriptive diagnosis for the thyroid fine needle aspiration. The indeterminate category is useful and effective for making the decision to operate and especially when the indeterminate subcategories are used.

Citations

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  • Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Thyroid Follicular Neoplasm: Cytohistologic Correlation and Accuracy
    Changyoung Yoo, Hyun Joo Choi, Soyoung Im, Ji Han Jung, Kiouk Min, Chang Suk Kang, Young-Jin Suh
    Korean Journal of Pathology.2013; 47(1): 61.     CrossRef
Comparison of Liquid-based (SurePath(TM)) and Conventional Preparations in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration.
Seoung Wan Chae, Sun Hee Kim, Hee Dae Park, Woon Sun Park, Young Hye Cho, Sung Hee Kang, Dong Hoon Kim, Jin Hee Sohn
Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(6):651-656.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.6.651
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in cytologic findings between conventional preparation (CP) and SurePath(TM) liquid-based preparation (LBP) in thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA).
METHODS
We analyzed cytological features on a total of 182 thyroid FNAs (83 CP and 99 LBP) that were histologically confirmed as nodular hyperplasia (NH) or papillary carcinoma (PAC).
RESULTS
LBP was superior in cellular preservation and cellularity than CP. Interestingly, in LBP, cellularity of NH was similarly high compared to that of PAC. The three-dimensional pattern was more prominent in LBP than in CP. The presence of follicle structures was more frequently found in LBP than in CP in the PAC group. Dispersed single cells in the background were more prominent in LBP than in CP. In the PAC group, contrast of the nuclear membrane was more distinctive in CP than in LBP.
CONCLUSIONS
In thyroid FNA, LBP is better for cellular preservation, cellularity, background and nuclear detail than CP. However, some features in LBP such as high cellularity in NH, prominent dispersed single cells, and frequent follicle patterns were unfamiliar findings in CP. Hence, we should be aware of these cytomorphologic features in LBP to make a proper diagnosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparison of EASYPREP® and SurePath® in thyroid fine‐needle aspiration
    Yosep Chong, Ki Hyun Baek, Jee Young Kim, Tae‐Jung Kim, Eun Jung Lee, Chang Suk Kang
    Diagnostic Cytopathology.2016; 44(4): 283.     CrossRef
Case Report
Metastases from Rectum and Thyroid Cancers in Same Cervical Lymph Node: A Case Report.
Bulent Yildiz, Abdulkadir Reis, Evren Fidan, Feyyaz Ozdemir, Halil Kavgaci, Fazil Aydin
Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(5):551-553.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.5.551
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AbstractAbstract PDF
An excisional biopsy targeting a cervical lymph node was performed on a 49-year-old female patient with metastatic rectal cancer. The biopsy revealed rectal and papillary thyroid cancer metastasis in the same lymph node. A thin-needle thyroid aspiration biopsy was performed, and the result was papillary thyroid carcinoma. The patient, who received chemotherapy for the metastatic rectal cancer, died due to disease progression about 5 months after a secondary primary tumor was detected. Metastasis of multiple malignancies in the same lymph node is extremely rare. A metastases of rectal and thyroid cancers to the same lymph node has not been reported until now. Our patient is the first case in the literature.
Original Articles
The Frequency of BRAF Mutation in Very Small Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas.
Taeeun Kim, Ji Hyun Roh, Hee Jung Park, Jee Eun Kwon, So Young Kang, Yoon La Choi, Young Lyun Oh
Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(3):308-314.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.3.308
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant tumor of the thyroid and BRAF (V600E) is the most frequent genetic alteration in PTCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of BRAF mutation, especially in very small PTCs.
METHODS
We analyzed the presence of the BRAF mutation in PTCs in subgroups defined by tumor size (0.5 cm intervals).
RESULTS
Of 140 patients, 85 (60.7%) showed a BRAF mutation. The frequency of BRAF mutation in the subgroup was: 45/70 (64.3%) in tumors less than 0.5 cm in size, 18/28 (64.3%) in 0.6-1 cm tumors, 10/22 (45.5%) in 1.1-1.5 cm tumors, and 12/20 (60.0%) in 1.6-2 cm tumors. There was no statistically significant association between BRAF mutation and tumor size (p = 0.44). Similarly, BRAF mutation was not statistically related to age, sex, stage, perithyroidal extension or lymph node metastasis. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, tumor sizes larger than 0.5 cm were associated with lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 3.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.81 to 7.91; p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The BRAF mutation is not related to tumor size even in very small PTCs. The similar frequency of BRAF mutation in very small PTCs suggests that the BRAF mutation is a very early event in the tumorigenesis of PTCs.

Citations

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  • BRAF mutation detection in indeterminate thyroid cytology specimens
    N. Paul Ohori, Rashi Singhal, Marina N. Nikiforova, Linwah Yip, Karen E. Schoedel, Christopher Coyne, Kelly L. McCoy, Shane O. LeBeau, Steven P. Hodak, Sally E. Carty, Yuri E. Nikiforov
    Cancer Cytopathology.2013; 121(4): 197.     CrossRef
  • BRAFV600E mutation does not serve as a prognostic factor in Korean patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
    Dongbin Ahn, June Sik Park, Jin Ho Sohn, Jae Hyug Kim, Sun-Kyun Park, An Na Seo, Ji Young Park
    Auris Nasus Larynx.2012; 39(2): 198.     CrossRef
  • Mutational Patterns and Novel Mutations of the BRAF Gene in a Large Cohort of Korean Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
    Chan-Kwon Jung, So-Young Im, Yeo-Ju Kang, Hyoungnam Lee, Eun-Sun Jung, Chang-Suk Kang, Ja-Seong Bae, Yeong-Jin Choi
    Thyroid.2012; 22(8): 791.     CrossRef
Availability of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.
Ji Yun Jeong, Jung Sik Jang, Yoon Kyung Sohn, Jin Hyang Jung, Yi Kyeong Chun, Ji Young Park
Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(1):48-55.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.1.48
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Making the diagnosis of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) is often difficult, and there are no accurate immunohistochemical or molecular markers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate performing immunohistochemistry to make the diagnosis of FVPTC.
METHODS
A total of 249 thyroid lesions were studied. We made the tissue microarray, and we assessed the expression of HBME-1, galectin-3, CD56, and p63.
RESULTS
Galectin-3, HBME-1, and p63 were positive in 79.7%, 79.7%, and 15.9% of the FVPTC, respectively. These immunohistochemical features of FVPTC were between those of classic papillary thyroid carcinoma (CPTC) and those of non-PTC. The CD56 expression was positive in 75.4% of the FVPTC, which is much higher than that of the CPTC (28.3%), and even higher than that of the non-PTC lesions (60%). Comparing FVPTC with CPTC, the expression of galectin-3 was significantly higher and the expression of CD56 was significantly lower in the CPTCs. Comparing the FVPTC with follicular carcinoma (FC), the expression of all the markers was significantly higher in the FVPTC. Comparing PTC with FC, the expression of CD56 was lower and the expressions of the other markers were higher in the PTCs.
CONCLUSIONS
Galectin-3, HBME-1, and p63 can help make the diagnosis of FVPTC, and a cocktail of these markers can be even more useful. But CD56 is not thought to be useful to make the diagnosis of FVPTC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A Case of Multifocal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Consisting of One Encapsulated Follicular Variant withBRAFK601E Mutation and Three Conventional Types withBRAFV600E Mutation
    Wook Youn Kim, Young Sin Ko, Tae Sook Hwang, Hye Seung Han, So Dug Lim, Wan Seop Kim, Seo Young Oh
    Korean Journal of Pathology.2013; 47(3): 293.     CrossRef

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