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Case Study
Metastatic choroidal melanoma in the breast: a case report and review of the literature
Loay Abudalu, Vinisha Malhotra, Nabila Nasir, Sami Titi
J Pathol Transl Med. 2023;57(4):238-241.   Published online July 11, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.07
  • 1,322 View
  • 91 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
The breast is an unusual site for metastases, accounting for less than 2% of malignant breast lesions but include those from malignant melanomas, carcinomas, sarcomas, and lymphomas from various organs. We diagnosed a very rare case of metastatic choroidal melanoma for a 67-year-old female who presented with a right breast lump and who had been previously diagnosed with choroidal melanoma-monosomy 3 in 2017. To the best of our knowledge, only five such cases have been published so far, with one in a male patient.
Original Articles
Fatty acid synthetase expression in triple-negative breast cancer
Jin Hee Park, Hye Seung Han, So Dug Lim, Wook Youn Kim, Kyoung Sik Park, Young Bum Yoo, Seung Eun Lee, Wan-Seop Kim
J Pathol Transl Med. 2022;56(2):73-80.   Published online January 21, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2021.10.27
  • 3,617 View
  • 176 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a relatively poor prognosis. Research has identified potential metabolic targets, including fatty acid metabolism, in TNBC. The absence of effective target therapies for TNBC led to exploration of the role of fatty acid synthetase (FASN) as a potential target for TNBC therapy. Here, we analyzed the expression of FASN, a representative lipid metabolism–related protein, and investigated the association between FASN expression and Ki-67 and the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) biomarkers in TNBC.
Methods
Immunohistochemical expression of FASN was analyzed in 166 patients with TNBC. For analytical purposes, patients with 0–1+ FASN staining were grouped as low-grade FASN and patients with 2–3+ FASN staining as high-grade FASN.
Results
FASN expression was observed in 47.1% of TNBC patients. Low and high expression of FASN was identified in 75.9% and 24.1%, respectively, and no statistically significant difference was found in T category, N category, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, or recurrence rate between the low and high-FASN expression groups. Ki-67 proliferation level was significantly different between the low and high-FASN expression groups. FASN expression was significantly related to Ki-67 as the level increased. There was no significant difference in PD-L1 positivity between the low- and high-FASN expression groups.
Conclusions
We identified FASN expression in 166 TNBC patients. The Ki-67 proliferation index was positively correlated with FASN level, indicating higher proliferation activity as FASN increases. However, there was no statistical association with PD-L1 SP142, the currently FDA-approved assay, or FASN expression level.

Citations

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  • NFYA promotes malignant behavior of triple-negative breast cancer in mice through the regulation of lipid metabolism
    Nobuhiro Okada, Chihiro Ueki, Masahiro Shimazaki, Goki Tsujimoto, Susumu Kohno, Hayato Muranaka, Kiyotsugu Yoshikawa, Chiaki Takahashi
    Communications Biology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Role of EGFR and FASN in breast cancer progression
    Suchi Chaturvedi, Mainak Biswas, Sushabhan Sadhukhan, Avinash Sonawane
    Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling.2023; 17(4): 1249.     CrossRef
  • Bioinformatics Method Was Used to Analyze the Highly Expressed Gene FAM83A of Breast Cancer in Young Women
    Yongzhe Tang, Hao Wang, Qi He, Yuanyuan Chen, Jie Wang, Fahd Abd Algalil
    Applied Bionics and Biomechanics.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • NCAPH promotes proliferation as well as motility of breast cancer cells by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway
    Ting Zhang, Peng Li, Wanying Guo, Qipeng Liu, Weiqiang Qiao, Miao Deng
    Physiology International.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Potential of AKT2 expression as a predictor of lymph-node metastasis in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type
Primariadewi Rustamadji, Elvan Wiyarta, Kristina Anna Bethania, Kusmardi Kusmardi
J Pathol Transl Med. 2021;55(4):271-278.   Published online June 14, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2021.04.26
  • 2,927 View
  • 134 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST) is the most common type of breast cancer and mainly causes regional lymph-node metastasis (LNM). We investigated the potential for AKT2 expression as a predictive biomarker for LNM in IBC-NST.
Methods
Forty-eight paraffin blocks containing IBC-NST primary tumors were divided into two groups based on presence or absence of LNM. Age, tumor grade, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and AKT expression were assessed. AKT2 expression was assessed based on immunohistochemical staining, while other data were collected from archives.
Results
Multiple logistic regression results showed that AKT2 expression and LVI were significantly associated with LNM (odds ratio [OR], 5.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42 to 19.93 and OR, 4.46; 95% CI, 1.17 to 16.97, respectively). AKT2 expression was able to discriminate against LNM (area under the receiver operating characteristic, 0.799 ± 0.063; 95% CI, 0.676 to 0.921) at an H-score cutoff of 104.62 (83.3% sensitivity, 62.5% specificity).
Conclusions
AKT2 expression has potential as a predictor of LNM in IBC-NST. The H-score cutoff for AKT2 expression can be used as a classification guide in future studies.

Citations

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  • Exploring the Expression of Survivin on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Invasive Breast Carcinoma
    Primariadewi Rustamadji, Elvan Wiyarta, Ineke Anggreani
    Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.2022; 10(B): 1440.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Omega-3-Rich Fish Oil on TNF-  Expression in Mice's Colonic Tissue Induced with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)
    Elvan Wiyarta, Kusmardi Kusmardi, Yurnadi Hanafi Midoen
    Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2022; : 3179.     CrossRef
  • The potential of lunasin extract for the prevention of breast cancer progression by upregulating E-Cadherin and inhibiting ICAM-1
    Kusmardi Kusmardi, Elvan Wiyarta, Numlil Khaira Rusdi, Andi Muh. Maulana, Ari Estuningtyas, Hadi Sunaryo
    F1000Research.2021; 10: 902.     CrossRef
  • CD44 Variant Exon 6 Isoform Expression as a Potential Predictor of Lymph Node Metastasis in Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type
    Primariadewi Rustamadji, Elvan Wiyarta, Kristina A. Bethania, Rakesh Sathish Nair
    International Journal of Breast Cancer.2021; 2021: 1.     CrossRef
Reviews
Standardized pathology report for breast cancer
Soo Youn Cho, So Yeon Park, Young Kyung Bae, Jee Yeon Kim, Eun Kyung Kim, Woo Gyeong Kim, Youngmee Kwon, Ahwon Lee, Hee Jin Lee, Ji Shin Lee, Jee Young Park, Gyungyub Gong, Hye Kyoung Yoon
J Pathol Transl Med. 2021;55(1):1-15.   Published online January 11, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2020.11.20
  • 7,805 View
  • 582 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Given the recent advances in management and understanding of breast cancer, a standardized pathology report reflecting these changes is critical. To meet this need, the Breast Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists has developed a standardized pathology reporting format for breast cancer, consisting of ‘standard data elements,’ ‘conditional data elements,’ and a biomarker report form. The ‘standard data elements’ consist of the basic pathologic features used for prognostication, while other factors related to prognosis or diagnosis are described in the ‘conditional data elements.’ In addition to standard data elements, all recommended issues are also presented. We expect that this standardized pathology report for breast cancer will improve diagnostic concordance and communication between pathologists and clinicians, as well as between pathologists inter-institutionally.

Citations

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  • Residual pure intralymphatic carcinoma component only (lymphovascular tumor emboli without invasive carcinoma) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with poor outcome: Not pathologic complete response
    Hyunwoo Lee, Yunjeong Jang, Yoon Ah Cho, Eun Yoon Cho
    Human Pathology.2024; 145: 1.     CrossRef
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with ductal carcinomain situ: systematic review and meta-analysis
    Matthew G. Davey, Colm O’Flaherty, Eoin F. Cleere, Aoife Nohilly, James Phelan, Evan Ronane, Aoife J. Lowery, Michael J. Kerin
    BJS Open.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Imaging features of breast cancer molecular subtypes: state of the art
Nariya Cho
J Pathol Transl Med. 2021;55(1):16-25.   Published online November 9, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2020.09.03
  • 47,768 View
  • 285 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Characterization of breast cancer molecular subtypes has been the standard of care for breast cancer management. We aimed to provide a review of imaging features of breast cancer molecular subtypes for the field of precision medicine. We also provide an update on the recent progress in precision medicine for breast cancer, implications for imaging, and recent observations in longitudinal functional imaging with radiomics.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association of clinicopathologic and molecular factors with the occurrence of positive margins in breast cancer
    Anupama Praveen Kumar, Diego Vicente, Jianfang Liu, Praveen-Kumar Raj-Kumar, Brenda Deyarmin, Xiaoying Lin, Craig D. Shriver, Hai Hu
    Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 204(1): 15.     CrossRef
  • The effect of data resampling methods in radiomics
    Aydin Demircioğlu
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Treated Primary Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma With Later Metastasis Found in Clinical Presentation of Left Axilla Lymphadenopathy: A Case Report
    Brigitte L Cochran, Sara Eliseo, Austin Vaughn, Tamryn L Van Der Horn, Enzo Ferrara, Jamie Edwards
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Histogram analysis of multi-model high-resolution diffusion-weighted MRI in breast cancer: correlations with molecular prognostic factors and subtypes
    Yanjin Qin, Feng Wu, Qilan Hu, Litong He, Min Huo, Caili Tang, Jingru Yi, Huiting Zhang, Ting Yin, Tao Ai
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • ASO Author Reflections: Sequence of Treatment in Clinically Node-Negative T1 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
    Kai Huang, James W. Jakub, Sarah A. McLaughlin
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2023; 30(13): 8455.     CrossRef
  • Circulating non-coding RNAs as a diagnostic and management biomarker for breast cancer: current insights
    Hamed Hosseinalizadeh, Mehrdad Mahmoodpour, Ammar Ebrahimi
    Molecular Biology Reports.2022; 49(1): 705.     CrossRef
  • MRI as a biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis
    Francesca Galati, Veronica Rizzo, Rubina Manuela Trimboli, Endi Kripa, Roberto Maroncelli, Federica Pediconi
    BJR|Open.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Multiparametric MRI Features of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes
    Madalina Szep, Roxana Pintican, Bianca Boca, Andra Perja, Magdalena Duma, Diana Feier, Bogdan Fetica, Dan Eniu, Sorin Marian Dudea, Angelica Chiorean
    Medicina.2022; 58(12): 1716.     CrossRef
  • Circulating tumor cells as prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer: current status and future prospects
    Evagelia Chantzara, Nikolaos Xenidis, Galatea Kallergi, Vassilis Georgoulias, Athanasios Kotsakis
    Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics.2021; 21(10): 1037.     CrossRef
Clinicopathological characteristics of BRCA-associated breast cancer in Asian patients
Eun-Kyu Kim, So Yeon Park, Sung-Won Kim
J Pathol Transl Med. 2020;54(4):265-275.   Published online May 14, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2020.04.07
  • 6,106 View
  • 222 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BRCA1/2 germline mutations account for the majority of hereditary breast cancers. Since the identification of the BRCA genes, several attempts have been made to define the clinicopathological characteristics of BRCA-associated breast cancer in comparison with sporadic breast cancer. Asians constitute 60% of the world population, and although the incidence of breast cancer in Asia remains low compared to the West, breast cancer is the most prevalent female cancer in the region. The epidemiological aspects of breast cancer are different between Asians and Caucasians. Asian patients present with breast cancer at a younger age than Western patients. The contributions of BRCA1/2 mutations to breast cancer incidence are expected to differ between Asians and Caucasians, and the different genetic backgrounds among races are likely to influence the breast cancer phenotypes. However, most large-scale studies on the clinicopathological characteristics of BRCA-associated breast cancer have been on Western patients, while studies on Asian populations were small and sporadic. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical and pathological characteristics of BRCA-associated breast cancer, incorporating findings on Asian patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Characteristics of breast cancer patients tested for germline BRCA1/2 mutations by next‐generation sequencing in Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
    Songporn Oranratnachai, Watchalawalee Yamkaew, Atchara Tunteeratum, Thongchai Sukarayothin, Nareenart Iemwimangsa, Ravat Panvichien
    Cancer Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prognostic and predictive biomarkers with therapeutic targets in breast cancer: A 2022 update on current developments, evidence, and recommendations
    Clement Chung, Vanessa T.Y. Yeung, Kenneth C.W. Wong
    Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice.2023; 29(6): 1343.     CrossRef
  • Mutations of TP53 and genes related to homologous recombination repair in breast cancer with germline BRCA1/2 mutations
    Jinyong Kim, Kyeonghun Jeong, Hyeji Jun, Kwangsoo Kim, Jeong Mo Bae, Myung Geun Song, Hanbaek Yi, Songyi Park, Go-un Woo, Dae-Won Lee, Tae-Yong Kim, Kyung-Hun Lee, Seock-Ah Im
    Human Genomics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • BRCA 1–2 Incidence in Synchronous and Metachronous Breast Cancer: a Tertiary Center Study
    Ahmet Dağ, Bilal Arslan, Erkan Güler, Serdar Mermer
    Indian Journal of Surgery.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Habitat Analysis of Breast Cancer-Enhanced MRI Reflects BRCA1 Mutation Determined by Immunohistochemistry
    Tianming Du, Haidong Zhao, Chen Li
    BioMed Research International.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Factors Associated with BRCA1/2 Gene Mutation in Chinese Populations with Breast Cancer
    Guoding Huang, Hongquan Lu, Qizhu Chen, Xinting Huang
    International Journal of General Medicine.2022; Volume 15: 6783.     CrossRef
  • Association between fertility treatments and breast cancer risk in women with a family history or BRCA mutations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Xiaojing Liu, Jing Yue, Ruqiya Pervaiz, Hanwang Zhang, Lan Wang
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Francesco Dondi, Domenico Albano, Pietro Bellini, Luca Camoni, Giorgio Treglia, Francesco Bertagna
    Tomography.2022; 8(6): 2662.     CrossRef
  • The clinical and diagnostic characteristics of BRCA-associated breast cancer
    M.A. Golotyuk, A.A. Berezhnoy, N.V. Kazantseva, A.V. Dorofeev, S.A. Shevchenko, I.V. Borzunov, N.I. Rozhkova
    Onkologiya. Zhurnal imeni P.A.Gertsena.2022; 11(6): 18.     CrossRef
  • The Clinical and Pathological Profile of BRCA1 Gene Methylated Breast Cancer Women: A Meta-Analysis
    Ilary Ruscito, Maria Luisa Gasparri, Maria Paola De Marco, Flavia Costanzi, Aris Raad Besharat, Andrea Papadia, Thorsten Kuehn, Oreste Davide Gentilini, Filippo Bellati, Donatella Caserta
    Cancers.2021; 13(6): 1391.     CrossRef
  • Changing Patterns in Clinicopathological Characteristics of Breast Cancer and Prevalence of BRCA Mutations: Analysis in a Rural Area of Southern China
    Qiuming Wang, Heming Wu, Yongquan Lan, Jinhong Zhang, Jingna Wu, Yunuo Zhang, Liang Li, Donghua Liu, Jinfeng Zhang
    International Journal of General Medicine.2021; Volume 14: 7371.     CrossRef
Original Articles
Clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-positive pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast
Yunjeong Jang, Hera Jung, Han-Na Kim, Youjeong Seo, Emad Alsharif, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Yeon Hee Park, Eun Yoon Cho, Soo Youn Cho
J Pathol Transl Med. 2020;54(1):95-102.   Published online November 13, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2019.10.24
  • 6,773 View
  • 261 Download
  • 17 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Pure mucinous carcinoma (PMC) is a rare type of breast cancer, estimated to represent 2% of invasive breast cancer. PMC is typically positive for estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-positive PMC have not been investigated.
Methods
Pathology archives were searched for PMC diagnosed from January 1999 to April 2018. Clinicopathologic data and microscopic findings were reviewed and compared between HER2-positive PMC and HER2-negative PMC. We also analyzed the differences in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival according to clinicopathologic parameters including HER2 status in overall PMC cases.
Results
There were 21 HER2-positive cases (4.8%) in 438 PMCs. The average tumor size of HER2-positive PMC was 32.21 mm (± 26.55). Lymph node metastasis was present in seven cases. Compared to HER2-negative PMC, HER2-positive PMC presented with a more advanced T category (p < .001), more frequent lymph node metastasis (p = .009), and a higher nuclear and histologic grade (p < .001). Microscopically, signet ring cells were frequently observed in HER2-positive PMC (p < .001), whereas a micropapillary pattern was more frequent in HER2-negative PMC (p = .012). HER2-positive PMC was more frequently negative for ER (33.3% vs. 1.2%) and PR (28.6% vs. 7.2%) than HER2-negative PMC and showed a high Ki-67 labeling index. During follow-up, distant metastasis and recurrence developed in three HER2-positive PMC patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that only HER2-positivity and lymph node status were significantly associated with DFS.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that HER2-positive PMC is a more aggressive subgroup of PMC. HER2 positivity should be considered for adequate management of PMC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Pure Mucinous Carcinoma of the Breast: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation
    Cherie M Kuzmiak, Benjamin C Calhoun
    Journal of Breast Imaging.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Role of circ-FOXO3 and miR-23a in radiosensitivity of breast cancer
    Elahe Abdollahi, Hossein Mozdarani, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh
    Breast Cancer.2023; 30(5): 714.     CrossRef
  • On Ultrasonographic Features of Mucinous Carcinoma with Micropapillary Pattern
    Wei-Sen Yang, Yang Li, Ya Gao
    Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy.2023; Volume 15: 473.     CrossRef
  • Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mesonephric Marker Expression in Low-grade Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma
    Yurimi Lee, Sangjoon Choi, Hyun-Soo Kim
    International Journal of Gynecological Pathology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Spectrum of Mucin-containing Lesions of the Breast: Multimodality Imaging Review with Pathologic Correlation
    Janice N. Thai, Melinda F. Lerwill, Shinn-Huey S. Chou
    RadioGraphics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mesonephric-like Adenocarcinoma of the Ovary: Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics
    Hyun Hee Koh, Eunhyang Park, Hyun-Soo Kim
    Diagnostics.2022; 12(2): 326.     CrossRef
  • Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma of the Uterus: Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics
    Yurimi Lee, Kiyong Na, Ha Young Woo, Hyun-Soo Kim
    Diagnostics.2022; 12(5): 1102.     CrossRef
  • Metastasis of the Mucionous adenocarcinoma of breast to the mandibular gingiva: Rare case report
    Ivana Mijatov, Aleksandra Fejsa Levakov, Aleksandar Spasić, Jelena Nikolić, Saša Mijatov
    Medicine.2022; 101(38): e30732.     CrossRef
  • Endometrioid Carcinomas of the Ovaries and Endometrium Involving Endocervical Polyps: Comprehensive Clinicopathological Analyses
    Jihee Sohn, Yurimi Lee, Hyun-Soo Kim
    Diagnostics.2022; 12(10): 2339.     CrossRef
  • Serous Carcinoma of the Endometrium with Mesonephric-Like Differentiation Initially Misdiagnosed as Uterine Mesonephric-Like Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report with Emphasis on the Immunostaining and the Identification of Splice Site TP53 Mutation
    Sangjoon Choi, Yoon Yang Jung, Hyun-Soo Kim
    Diagnostics.2021; 11(4): 717.     CrossRef
  • HER2 positive mucinous carcinoma of breast with micropapillary features: Report of a case and review of literature
    Dinesh Chandra Doval, Rupal Tripathi, Sunil Pasricha, Pankaj Goyal, Chaturbhuj Agrawal, Anurag Mehta
    Human Pathology: Case Reports.2021; 25: 200531.     CrossRef
  • Carcinoma mucosecretor de mama HER2-positivo, un caso clínico
    A.M. González Aranda, E. Martínez Gómez, A. Santana Costa, F. Arnanz Velasco, M.H. González de Diego, A. Zapico Goñi
    Clínica e Investigación en Ginecología y Obstetricia.2021; 48(4): 100685.     CrossRef
  • Clinicopathologic features of unexpectedly HER2 positive breast carcinomas: An institutional experience
    Carissa LaBoy, Kalliopi P. Siziopikou, Lauren Rosen, Luis Z. Blanco, Jennifer L. Pincus
    Pathology - Research and Practice.2021; 222: 153441.     CrossRef
  • Mesonephric-like Differentiation of Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma: Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics Distinct from Those of Uterine Mesonephric-like Adenocarcinoma
    Sujin Park, Go Eun Bae, Jiyoung Kim, Hyun-Soo Kim
    Diagnostics.2021; 11(8): 1450.     CrossRef
  • Mesonephric-like Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Corpus: Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Analyses Using Markers for Mesonephric, Endometrioid and Serous Tumors
    Hyunjin Kim, Kiyong Na, Go Eun Bae, Hyun-Soo Kim
    Diagnostics.2021; 11(11): 2042.     CrossRef
Analysis of the molecular subtypes of preoperative core needle biopsy and surgical specimens in invasive breast cancer
Ye Sul Jeong, Jun Kang, Jieun Lee, Tae-Kyung Yoo, Sung Hun Kim, Ahwon Lee
J Pathol Transl Med. 2020;54(1):87-94.   Published online November 13, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2019.10.14
  • 6,035 View
  • 192 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Accurate molecular classification of breast core needle biopsy (CNB) tissue is important for determining neoadjuvant systemic therapies for invasive breast cancer. The researchers aimed to evaluate the concordance rate (CR) of molecular subtypes between CNBs and surgical specimens.
Methods
This study was conducted with invasive breast cancer patients who underwent surgery after CNB at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital between December 2014 and December 2017. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki67 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. ER and PR were evaluated by Allred score (0–8). HER2 was graded from 0 to +3, and all 2+ cases were reflex tested with silver in situ hybridization. The labeling index of Ki67 was counted by either manual scoring or digital image analysis. Molecular subtypes were classified using the above surrogate markers.
Results
In total, 629 patients were evaluated. The CRs of ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 were 96.5% (kappa, 0.883; p<.001), 93.0% (kappa, 0.824; p<.001), 99.7% (kappa, 0.988; p<.001), and 78.7% (kappa, 0.577; p<.001), respectively. Digital image analysis of Ki67 in CNB showed better concordance with Ki67 in surgical specimens (CR, 82.3%; kappa, 0.639 for digital image analysis vs. CR, 76.2%; kappa, 0.534 for manual counting). The CRs of luminal A, luminal B, HER2, and triple negative types were 89.0%, 70.0%, 82.9%, and 77.2%, respectively.
Conclusions
CNB was reasonably accurate for determining ER, PR, HER2, Ki67, and molecular subtypes. Using digital image analysis for Ki67 in CNB produced more accurate molecular classifications.

Citations

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  • Concordance of immunohistochemistry for predictive and prognostic factors in breast cancer between biopsy and surgical excision: a single-centre experience and review of the literature
    Chiara Rossi, Sara Fraticelli, Marianna Fanizza, Alberta Ferrari, Elisa Ferraris, Alessia Messina, Angelica Della Valle, Chiara Annunziata Pasqualina Anghelone, Angioletta Lasagna, Gianpiero Rizzo, Lorenzo Perrone, Maria Grazia Sommaruga, Giulia Meloni, S
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    Ga-Eun Park, Bong-Joo Kang, Sung-hun Kim, Na-Young Jung
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    Jahnavi Kalvala, Ruth M Parks, Andrew R Green, Kwok‐Leung Cheung
    Histopathology.2022; 80(3): 468.     CrossRef
  • İnvaziv Meme Kanserinde Preoperatif Kor İğne Biyopsi ile Postoperatif Cerrahi Spesmenler Arasında ER, PR, HER2 ve Ki67 Açısından Karşılaştırma
    Pınar CELEPLİ, Pelin Seher ÖZTEKİN, Salih CELEPLİ, İrem BİGAT, Sema HÜCÜMENOĞLU
    Akdeniz Medical Journal.2022; : 179.     CrossRef
  • Concordance of breast cancer biomarker testing in core needle biopsy and surgical specimens: A single institution experience
    Jessica A. Slostad, Nicole K. Yun, Aimee E. Schad, Surbhi Warrior, Louis F. Fogg, Ruta Rao
    Cancer Medicine.2022; 11(24): 4954.     CrossRef
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    Tiemo S. Gerber, Benjamin Goeppert, Anne Hausen, Hagen R. Witzel, Fabian Bartsch, Mario Schindeldecker, Lisa-Katharina Gröger, Dirk A. Ridder, Oscar Cahyadi, Irene Esposito, Matthias M. Gaida, Peter Schirmacher, Peter R. Galle, Hauke Lang, Wilfried Roth,
    Cancers.2022; 14(13): 3091.     CrossRef
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    Shuai Li, Xiaosong Chen, Kunwei Shen
    Frontiers in Surgery.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Meejung Kim, Bong Joo Kang, Ga Eun Park
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Association between p53 Expression and Amount of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Miseon Lee, In Ah Park, Sun-Hee Heo, Young-Ae Kim, Gyungyub Gong, Hee Jin Lee
J Pathol Transl Med. 2019;53(3):180-187.   Published online March 11, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2019.02.08
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Most triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) have a high histologic grade, are associated with high endoplasmic stress, and possess a high frequency of TP53 mutations. TP53 missense mutations lead to the production of mutant p53 protein and usually show high levels of p53 protein expression. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) accumulate as part of the anti-tumor immune response and have a strong prognostic and predictive significance in TNBC. We aimed to elucidate the association between p53 expression and the amount of TILs in TNBC.
Methods
In 678 TNBC patients, we evaluated TIL levels and expression of endoplasmic stress molecules. Immunohistochemical examination of p53 protein expression was categorized into three groups: no, low, and high expression.
Results
No, low, and high p53 expression was identified in 44.1% (n = 299), 20.1% (n = 136), and 35.8% (n = 243) of patients, respectively. Patients with high p53 expression showed high histologic grade (p < .001), high TIL levels (p = .009), and high expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated molecules (p-eIF2a, p = .013; XBP1, p = .007), compared to patients with low p53 expression. There was no significant difference in disease-free (p = .406) or overall survival rates (p = .444) among the three p53 expression groups.
Conclusions
High p53 expression is associated with increased expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress molecules and TIL influx.

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Loss of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer
Hong Sik Park, Uiju Cho, So Young Im, Chang Young Yoo, Ji Han Jung, Young Jin Suh, Hyun Joo Choi
J Pathol Transl Med. 2019;53(2):75-85.   Published online November 14, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.10.11
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules play important roles in regulating immune responses. Loss or reduction of HLA-I expression has been shown to be associated with prognosis in several cancers. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) also play critical functions in immune response regulation. Evaluation of HLA-I expression status by the EMR8-5 antibody and its clinical impact in breast cancer have not been well studied, and its relationship with Tregs remains unclear.
Methods
We evaluated HLA-I expression and Treg infiltration by immunohistochemistry in 465 surgically resected breast cancer samples. We examined the correlation between HLA-I expression and Treg infiltration and clinicopathologic characteristics and survival analyses were performed.
Results
Total loss of HLA-I expression was found in 84 breast cancer samples (18.1%). Univariate survival analysis revealed that loss of HLA-I expression was significantly associated with worse disease-specific survival (DSS) (p = .029). HLA-I was not an independent prognostic factor in the entire patient group, but it was an adverse independent prognostic factor for DSS in patients with advanced disease (stage II–IV) (p = .031). Treg numbers were significantly higher in the intratumoral stroma of HLA-I–positive tumors than in HLA-I–negative tumors (median 6.3 cells/high power field vs 2.1 cells/high power field, p < .001). However, Tregs were not an independent prognostic factor in our cohort.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the loss of HLA-I expression is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, highlighting the role of HLA-I alterations in immune evasion mechanisms of breast cancer. HLA-I could be a promising marker that enables the application of more effective and precise immunotherapies for patients with advanced breast cancer.

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The Prognostic Impact of Synchronous Ipsilateral Multiple Breast Cancer: Survival Outcomes according to the Eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging and Molecular Subtype
Jinah Chu, Hyunsik Bae, Youjeong Seo, Soo Youn Cho, Seok-Hyung Kim, Eun Yoon Cho
J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(6):396-403.   Published online October 23, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.10.03
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
In the current American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system of breast cancer, only tumor size determines T-category regardless of whether the tumor is single or multiple. This study evaluated if tumor multiplicity has prognostic value and can be used to subclassify breast cancer.
Methods
We included 5,758 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent surgery at Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, from 1995 to 2012.
Results
Patients were divided into two groups according to multiplicity (single, n = 4,744; multiple, n = 1,014). Statistically significant differences in lymph node involvement and lymphatic invasion were found between the two groups (p < .001). Patients with multiple masses tended to have luminal A molecular subtype (p < .001). On Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, patients with multiple masses had significantly poorer disease-free survival (DFS) (p = .016). The prognostic significance of multiplicity was seen in patients with anatomic staging group I and prognostic staging group IA (p = .019 and p = .032, respectively). When targeting patients with T1-2 N0 M0, hormone receptor–positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative cancer, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis also revealed significantly reduced DFS with multiple cancer (p = .031). The multivariate analysis indicated that multiplicity was independently correlated with worse DFS (hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.47; p = .025). The results of this study indicate that tumor multiplicity is frequently found in luminal A subtype, is associated with frequent lymph node metastasis, and is correlated with worse DFS.
Conclusions
Tumor multiplicity has prognostic value and could be used to subclassify invasive breast cancer at early stages. Adjuvant chemotherapy would be necessary for multiple masses of T1–2 N0 M0, hormone-receptor-positive, and HER2-negative cancer.

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High Cytoplasmic CXCR4 Expression Predicts Prolonged Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Bobae Shim, Min‐Sun Jin, Ji Hye Moon, In Ae Park, Han Suk Ryu
J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(6):369-377.   Published online October 1, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.09.19
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Chemokine receptor CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand CXC motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12; stromal cell-derived factor-1) are implicated in tumor growth, metastasis, and tumor cell-microenvironment interaction. A number of studies have reported that increased CXCR4 expression is associated with worse prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but its prognostic significance has not been studied in TNBC patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods
Two hundred eighty-three TNBC patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Tissue microarray was constructed from formalinfixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue and immunohistochemistry for CXCR4 and CXCL12 was performed. Expression of each marker was compared with clinicopathologic characteristics and outcome.
Results
High cytoplasmic CXCR4 expression was associated with younger age (p = .008), higher histologic grade (p = .007) and lower pathologic stage (p = .045), while high CXCL12 expression was related to larger tumor size (p = .045), positive lymph node metastasis (p = .005), and higher pathologic stage (p = .017). The patients with high cytoplasmic CXCR4 experienced lower distant recurrence (p = .006) and better recurrence-free survival (RFS) (log-rank p = .020) after adjuvant chemotherapy. Cytoplasmic CXCR4 expression remained an independent factor of distant recurrence (p = .019) and RFS (p = .038) after multivariate analysis.
Conclusions
High cytoplasmic CXCR4 expression was associated with lower distant recurrence and better RFS in TNBC patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. This is the first study to correlate high CXCR4 expression to better TNBC prognosis, and the underlying mechanism needs to be elucidated in further studies.

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  • Distinct profiles of proliferating CD8+/TCF1+ T cells and CD163+/PD-L1+ macrophages predict risk of relapse differently among treatment-naïve breast cancer subtypes
    Konstantinos Ntostoglou, Sofia D. P. Theodorou, Tanja Proctor, Ilias P. Nikas, Sinclair Awounvo, Athanasia Sepsa, Vassilis Georgoulias, Han Suk Ryu, Ioannis S. Pateras, Christos Kittas
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Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Korean Breast Cancer Patients by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Meta-Analysis of Human Papillomavirus and Breast Cancer
Jinhyuk Choi, Chungyeul Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Yoo Jin Choi, Ha Yeon Kim, Jinhwan Lee, Hyeyoon Chang, Aeree Kim
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(6):442-450.   Published online October 10, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.07.08
  • 11,336 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established oncogenic virus of cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancer. Various subtypes of HPV have been detected in 0% to 60% of breast cancers. The roles of HPV in the carcinogenesis of breast cancer remain controversial. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of HPV-positive breast cancer in Korean patients and to evaluate the possibility of carcinogenic effect of HPV on breast.
Methods
Meta-analysis was performed in 22 case-control studies for HPV infection in breast cancer. A total of 123 breast cancers, nine intraductal papillomas and 13 nipple tissues of patients with proven cervical HPV infection were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect 28 subtypes of HPV. Breast cancers were composed of 106 formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) breast cancer samples and 17 touch imprint cytology samples of breast cancers.
Results
The overall odds ratio between breast cancer and HPV infection was 5.43 (95% confidence interval, 3.24 to 9.12) with I2 = 34.5% in meta-analysis of published studies with case-control setting and it was statistically significant. HPV was detected in 22 cases of breast cancers (17.9%) and two cases of intaductal papillomas (22.2%). However, these cases had weak positivity.
Conclusions
These results failed to serve as significant evidence to support the relationship between HPV and breast cancer. Further study with larger epidemiologic population is merited to determine the relationship between HPV and breast cancer.

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Review
Pathologic Evaluation of Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Therapy
Cheol Keun Park, Woo-Hee Jung, Ja Seung Koo
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(3):173-180.   Published online April 11, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.02.02
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Breast cancer, one of the most common cancers in women, has various treatment modalities. Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has been used in many clinical trials because it is easy to evaluate the treatment response to therapeutic agents in a short time period; consequently, NAT is currently a standard treatment modality for large-sized and locally advanced breast cancers, and its use in early-stage breast cancer is becoming more common. Thus, chances to encounter breast tissue from patients treated with NAT is increasing. However, systems for handling and evaluating such specimens have not been established. Several evaluation systems emphasize a multidisciplinary approach to increase the accuracy of breast cancer assessment. Thus, detailed and systematic evaluation of clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings is important. In this review, we compare the major problems of each evaluation system and discuss important points for handling and evaluating NAT-treated breast specimens.

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Original Article
Interobserver Variability of Ki-67 Measurement in Breast Cancer
Yul Ri Chung, Min Hye Jang, So Yeon Park, Gyungyub Gong, Woo-Hee Jung, The Korean Breast Pathology Ki- Study Group
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(2):129-137.   Published online February 15, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.12.24
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
As measurement of Ki-67 proliferation index is an important part of breast cancer diagnostics, we conducted a multicenter study to examine the degree of concordance in Ki-67 counting and to find factors that lead to its variability. Methods: Thirty observers from thirty different institutions reviewed Ki-67–stained slides of 20 different breast cancers on whole sections and tissue microarray (TMA) by online system. Ten of the 20 breast cancers had hot spots of Ki-67 expression. Each observer scored Ki-67 in two different ways: direct counting (average vs. hot spot method) and categorical estimation. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of Ki-67 index was calculated for comparative analysis. Results: For direct counting, ICC of TMA was slightly higher than that of whole sections using average method (0.895 vs 0.858). The ICC of tumors with hot spots was lower than that of tumors without (0.736 vs 0.874). In tumors with hot spots, observers took an additional counting from the hot spot; the ICC of whole sections using hot spot method was still lower than that of TMA (0.737 vs 0.895). In categorical estimation, Ki-67 index showed a wide distribution in some cases. Nevertheless, in tumors with hot spots, the range of distribution in Ki-67 categories was decreased with hot spot method and in TMA platform. Conclusions: Interobserver variability of Ki-67 index for direct counting and categorical estimation was relatively high. Tumors with hot spots showed greater interobserver variability as opposed to those without, and restricting the measurement area yielded lower interobserver variability.

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J Pathol Transl Med : Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine