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Cryoglobulinemia
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HOME > J Pathol Transl Med > Volume 18(1); 1984 > Article
Etc Cryoglobulinemia
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine 1984;18(1):8-15
DOI: https://doi.org/
Departments of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Hospital
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Seventy cases of cryoglobulinemia detected at the Department of Clinical Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, during the period from January 1977 to September 1982 were analysed for sex and age distribution, associated disease, laboratory findings, and physicochemical propertie of cryoglobulins. The results were as follows. 1) Among 70 cases, 38 cases were male and the remaining 32 cases were female. Age was widely distributed form 4 to 60 years. 2) Diseases associated with cryoglobulinemia were various renal diseases (32 cases), autoimmune diseases (16 cases including 11 cases of systemic lupus erythematosus), chronic active hepatitis (6 cases), infections (4 cases including 2 cases of subacute bacterial endocarditis) and malignant lymphoma (1 case) in decreasing order of frequency. Eleven cases were considered idiopathic and associated diseases could not be found. 3) Serum rheumatoid factor was positive in 32% of patients, serum complement level was decreased in about 30%, and HBsAg was positive in 18%, HBsAb in 38% and HBcAb in 81%. 4) In systemic lupus erythematosus, serum rheumatoid factor was positive in 33% of patients, serum complement level was decreased in about 90%, and findings of renal involvement were observed in all cases by urinalysis and renal biopsy. 5) In two cases of subacute bacterial endocarditis, serum rheumatoid factor was positive in one and decreased serum complement level and impairment of renal function were observed in both cases. 6) Precipitation of cryoglobulins were observed for 3 days. After one day of incubation, only 26% of cases showed precipitation and 43% showed precipition after 3 days. 7) In 4 cases, cryoglobulins could be isolated and test for rheumatoid factor and immunoelectroesis were done. In all cases, rheumatoid factor was positive. By immunoelectrophoresis, 2 cases were identified as IgM-IgG mixed cryoglobulins and one case as IgG-IgG mixed cryoglobulins. On the basis of these findings, cryoglobulinemia was found in disease associated with rheumatoid factor formation and characterized by prolonged stimulation of the immune system. And we thought it important to detect the presence of even small amount of cryoglobulins because it has important clinical relevance such as association with renal involvement and prognosis.

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