Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Articles

Comparison of Cytologic Characteristics between Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Adenoid Basal Carcinoma in the Uterine Cervix: Juhyeon Jeong, Seung Yeon Ha, Hyun Yee Cho, Dong Hae Chung, Jungsuk An; J Pathol Transl Med. 2015;49(5):396-402. Published online August 17, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.07.08

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Background
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and adenoid basal carcinoma (ABC) are rare in the uterine cervix. ACC is more aggressive than ABC, thus accurate differential diagnosis is important. In this study, we identified cytologic features useful in distinguishing these two tumors for diagnosis. Methods: Three cases of ACC and five cases of ABC were selected for this study. Cervicovaginal smear slides were reviewed retrospectively, and the area, circumference, major axis, and minor axis of nuclei were measured using an image analyzer. Results: ACC displayed three-dimensional clusters with a small acini pattern. ABC displayed peripheral palisading without an acini pattern. The nuclei of ACC were more irregular and angulated than those of ABC, and the former showed a coarsely granular chromatin pattern. The nucleic area, circumference, major axis, and minor axis were 18.556±8.665 µm², 23.320±11.412 µm, 5.664±1.537 µm, and 4.127±1.107 µm in ACC and 11.017±4.440 µm², 15.920±5.664 µm, 4.612±1.025 µm, and 3.088±0.762 µm in the cases of ABC. All measured values showed statistically significant difference (p < .001). Conclusions: Although the nuclei of both of these tumor types were oval shaped, inferred from the ratio of minor axis to major axis (0.728 in ACC and 0.669 in ABC), the area of nuclei was approximately 1.7 times larger in ACC than in ABC. Distinguishing nucleic features, including area, morphology, and chromatin pattern, may be helpful in making a correct diagnosis.

Citations

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Adenoid Basal Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Case Report
Tatsuya Kanuma, Keiko Kigure, Tosio Nishimura, Yuji Ibuki, Shigeru Tsuchida, Harumi Kamiyama, Misa Iijima, Kazuto Nakamura
The KITAKANTO Medical Journal.2016; 66(1): 11. CrossRef

Cytological Evaluation and REBA HPV-ID HPV Testing of Newly Developed Liquid-Based Cytology, EASYPREP: Comparison with SurePath: Youn Soo Lee, Gyungyub Gong, Jin Hee Sohn, Ki Sung Ryu, Jung Hun Lee, Shin Kwang Khang, Kyung-Ja Cho, Yong-Man Kim, Chang Suk Kang; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(3):265-274. Published online June 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.3.265

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Abstract PDF

Background

The objective of this study was to evaluate a newly-developed EASYPREP liquid-based cytology method in cervicovaginal specimens and compare it with SurePath.

Methods

Cervicovaginal specimens were prospectively collected from 1,000 patients with EASYPREP and SurePath. The specimens were first collected by brushing for SurePath and second for EASYPREP. The specimens of both methods were diagnosed according to the Bethesda System. Additionally, we performed to REBA HPV-ID genotyping and sequencing analysis for human papillomavirus (HPV) on 249 specimens.

Results

EASYPREP and SurePath showed even distribution of cells and were equal in cellularity and staining quality. The diagnostic agreement between the two methods was 96.5%. Based on the standard of SurePath, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of EASYPREP were 90.7%, 99.2%, 94.8%, and 98.5%, respectively. The positivity of REBA HPV-ID was 49.4% and 95.1% in normal and abnormal cytological samples, respectively. The result of REBA HPV-ID had high concordance with sequencing analysis.

Conclusions

EASYPREP provided comparable results to SurePath in the diagnosis and staining quality of cytology examinations and in HPV testing with REBA HPV-ID. EASYPREP could be another LBC method choice for the cervicovaginal specimens. Additionally, REBA HPV-ID may be a useful method for HPV genotyping.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Detection via Cobas® 4800 and REBA HPV-ID® Assays
Sasiprapa Liewchalermwong, Shina Oranratanaphan, Wichai Termrungruanglert, Surang Triratanachat, Patou Tantbirojn, Nakarin Kitkumthorn, Parvapan Bhattarakosol, Arkom Chaiwongkot
Viruses.2022; 14(12): 2713. CrossRef
Evaluation of nuclear chromatin using grayscale intensity and thresholded percentage area in liquid‐based cervical cytology
Hyekyung Lee, Myungein Han, Taejo Yoo, Chanho Jung, Hyun‐Jin Son, Migyung Cho
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2018; 46(5): 384. CrossRef
Comparison of EASYPREP® and SurePath® in thyroid fine‐needle aspiration
Yosep Chong, Ki Hyun Baek, Jee Young Kim, Tae‐Jung Kim, Eun Jung Lee, Chang Suk Kang
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2016; 44(4): 283. CrossRef

Evaluation of Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions, Cannot Exclude High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions on Cervical Smear.: Sung Ran Hong, Bock Man Kim, Hye Sun Kim, Yi Kyeong Chun, Hy Sook Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(5):528-535.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.5.528

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
We examined cervicovaginal smears that contained definite low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) cells and rare atypical cells suggestive of high-grade SIL (HSIL) (ASC-H) or contained borderline dysplastic cells between LSIL and HSIL. Such lesions were classified as LSIL-H. This study aimed to investigate the cytologic and histologic characteristics of LSIL-H category and we evaluated the associated clinical risk.
METHODS
The histologic outcomes of LSIL-H were compared with those of LSIL and ASC-H. Both the cytologic and histologic findings of LSIL-H that were confirmed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2) or greater (CIN2+) were investigated.
RESULTS
LSIL-H accounted for 0.09% of the Pap tests. On the follow-up histology, the most frequent outcome was CIN2, and the risk of CIN2+ was higher than that for ASC-H. In the cases of LSIL-H that was histologically confirmed as CIN2+, most of the atypical cells suggestive of HSIL were cytologically similar to those of CIN2, and the corresponding cervical tissues were characterized by small CIN2+ lesions in a large background of flat condyloma/CIN1. The LSIL-H cases not confirmed on initial colposcopically-directed biopsy required further follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
LSIL-H may be a valid diagnostic category with distinctive features that are different from LSIL or ASC-H. LSIL-H needs further follow-up for the proper management.

Citations

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The Clinical Significance of “Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of Indeterminate Grade” as a Distinct Cytologic Category
Dorothy Wong, Crystal Teschendorf, Grace Y. Lin, Farnaz Hasteh
American Journal of Clinical Pathology.2012; 137(5): 753. CrossRef

Case Reports

Enterobius vermicularis Ova in a Vaginal Smear.: Seung Kyu Choi, Eun Kyung Kim, Young Ok Hong, Ho Jung Lee, Won Mi Lee, Sook Kyung Ko, Jong Eun Joo; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(3):341-342.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.3.341

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Abstract PDF

Enterobius vermicularis is one of the most common parasites found in the intestine of humans. The gravid female worms migrate outside the anus to release eggs on the perianal skin. Rarely, they migrate to the genitourinary tract in female patients. We present a case in which pinworm eggs were found in a cervicovaginal smear of a 37-year-old woman. The eggs were elongated oval shaped and flattened on one side. The thick, double contoured birefringent shell stained bright yellow or orange. Some coarsely granular embryos or curved larvae were enclosed in the refractile shell. Empty eggs or wrinkled shells with clumped granular material were also present. Although pinworm eggs are easily identified because of their characteristic morphologic appearance, careful screening is needed due to the frequent masking by inflammatory cells.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

High case enterobiasis in school children and potential eggs distribution on the bed
Didik Sumanto, Sayono E, Wulandari Meikawati, Tri Dewi Kristini, Wahyu Handoyo, Aris Sugiharto
Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation.2022; 10(1): 33. CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis larvae in urine sample of female student: The first case report in Indonesia
Didik Sumanto, Sayono Sayono, Puji Lestari Mudawamah
Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation.2021; 9(1): 1. CrossRef
Vaginal Enterobius vermicularis diagnosed on liquid‐based cytology during Papanicolaou test cervical cancer screening: A report of two cases and a review of the literature
Chun‐Yi Tsai, Rachel Junod, Martine Jacot‐Guillarmod, Charles Beniere, Sonia Ziadi, Massimo Bongiovanni
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2018; 46(2): 179. CrossRef
Recurrent paediatric pinworm infection of the vagina as a potential reservoir for Enterobius vermicularis
B. Kashyap, J.C. Samantray, S. Kumar, R. Jhamb, A.K. Singh, I.R. Kaur
Journal of Helminthology.2014; 88(3): 381. CrossRef

Superficial Endometriosis of the Uterine Cervix as a Source of Atypical Glandular Cells of Undetermined Significance in the Cervicovaginal Smear: A Report of Two Cases.: Hye Jeong Choi, Seung Koo Lee, Kyu Rae Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2001;35(3):263-266.

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Abstract PDF: Superficial endometriosis of the uterine cervix refers to a lesion in which endometrial stroma and/or gland is located immediately subjacent to the surface epithelium. The cells on the cervicovaginal smear shed from the lesion can be a significant source of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS), or can be easily mistaken for glandular dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in situ. Not infrequently it occurs at the conization site for cervical neoplasia. We describe the cytologic and histologic features of 2 cases of superficial endometriosis of the uterine cervix, which were discovered during an evaluation for AGUS detected on the cervicovaginal smears, with an emphasis on the utility of trichrome and reticulin staining for the diagnosis of superficial endometriosis. The cervicovaginal smears show sheets and clusters of glandular cells having mild to moderately pleomorphic oval nuclei with inconspicuous nucleoli and indistinct cytoplasmic border. Single cells or tumor diathesis were not present. Diagnostic histologic findings were the absence of thick or abundant collagen bundles, the encasement of individual stromal cells by a fine reticulin network and thick reticulin fibers around the spiral arterioles within the endometriotic foci. Therefore, superficial endometriosis should be considered as a potential source of AGUS, especially during follow-up after conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Original Article

Radiation-Induced Changes in Cervico-vagical Smears of Uterine Cervical Cancer Patients.: Sung Hye Park, In Sun Kim, Seung Yong Paik, Hyo Sook Park, No Won Park; Korean J Pathol. 1988;22(3):268-276.

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Abstract PDF: Nowday, ionizing radiation is one of the methods eradicating the uterine cervical malignancy. However radiation alone or in combination with surgery have an effect on normal tissue as well as the malignant cells, and their changes have been well described in other countries. Unfortunately, the history of radiation modality for cancer treatment is relatively short and the reports about radiation induced changes are limited in our country. We evaluated the radiation-induced changes in cervico-vaginal smears of 107 uterine cervical cancer patients obtained from March, 1985 to October, 1987. Most patients had been received 5,400 Rads of external radiation and intracavitary radiation. Patient's age ranged from 30 to 67 years old. Of 107 cases, 24 cases were normal, 72 cases showed benign radiation changes, 7 cases revealed radiation dysplasia, and residual and recurrent carcinomas found in one and 3 cases, respectively. Cytoplasmic and nuclear enlargement were the most common and noted in 57 and 38 cases, respectively. Vacuolization and polychromasia of the cytoplasm were identified in 43 and 30 cases, respectively. The most common histiocytic change was multinucleation, which was found in about one third. The radiation changes of the cytoplasm and nuclear enlargement persisted for a long time after completion of radiation, however, nuclear degeneration and multinucleation gradually disappeared after 6 months. The inflammation in background prolonged for a long time but degeneration disappeared after 6 months. The biologic significance of post-radiation dysplasia could not evaluated because of short follow up period.

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